-trichloro e t h a n e (TCA) at 450 mg /L, and tetrachloroethylene (PCE)
I N T R O D U C T I O NSoils contaminated with non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs), such as the chlorinated solvents trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE), pose a major environmental dilemma. The development of efficient processes to remediate and recover these solvents from soils is of paramount importance. One such process involves flushing the contaminated soils, in situ, with surfactant solutions [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Surf a c t a n t s g reatly increase the solubility of chlorinated solvents in aqueous systems, which are capable of achieving a p p a rent NAPL solubilities of up to 500,000 mg/L as c o m p a red to 1,500 mg/L or less in the absence of a s u rfactant. Such large solubilities can result in dramatic reductions in the amount of time re q u i red to re m ediate a contaminated site, thereby reducing the time and cost of operating and maintaining pump and treat containment systems or obviating the need for such systems altogether.The injected surfactant solution may contain larg e amounts of property modifiers, such as salts and alcohols. The surfactant concentration can be as high as 16 wt %, well above the concentration required to cre-
Pilot-scale demonstration of pervaporation-based removal of volatile organic compounds from a surf a c t a n t enhanced aquifer remediation (SEAR) fluid has been con
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.