The Ground Parrot (Pezoporus wallicus) is a rare and iconic endemic of heathlands in southern Australia. It is threatened by frequent and widespreadfire. The species has been an integral element in the development of our understanding of the impacts offire regimes in heathlands and is an integral part of conservation management of thesefire-prone ecosystems. This long-term study documents the densities of Ground Parrots in three areas of long-unburnt habitat in southernNewSouth Wales. Using area searches and aural surveys, we estimated densities of Ground Parrots at Barren Grounds Nature Reserve-Budderoo National Park (1983-2009), Beecroft Weapons Range (1997-2008 and Nadgee Nature Reserve (1995Reserve ( -2009. At each location, the species occurred in long-unburnt habitat (20 years post-fire), sometimes at high densities (2 birds per 10 ha). We recommend that, in south-eastern Australia, fire should not be used to manipulate the ecological functioning of habitat for the persistence of Ground Parrot populations and conclude that there should be areaspecific adaptive management plans that specify how the important elements of the biodiversity will be conserved and how this will be measured. AbstractThe Ground Parrot (Pezoporus wallicus) is a rare endemic species of heathlands in southern Australia. It is threatened by frequent and/or widespread fire. It has been iconic in the development of understanding the impacts of fire regimes in heathlands and is an integral part of conservation management of these fire-prone ecosystems. This long-term study documents Ground Parrot densities in three areas of long-unburnt habitat in southern New South Wales. Using area searches and aural surveys, we estimated Ground Parrot densities at Barren Grounds Nature ReserveBudderoo National Park (1983-2009), Beecroft Weapons Range (1997-2008 and Nadgee Nature Reserve (1995Reserve ( -2009. At each location, the species occurred in long-unburnt habitat (≥20 years post-fire), sometimes at high densities (≥2 birds per 10 ha). We recommend that in south-eastern Australia, using fire to manipulate the ecological functioning of habitat is currently not needed for the persistence of Ground Parrot populations and conclude that there is a need for area-specific 2 adaptive management plans, which specify how they will strive for and measure the persistence of important elements of the biodiversity to be conserved.
Gentianella amarella subsp. occidentalis, Dune Gentian, is a rare annual of dune slacks endemic to Western Britain. Its current status was compared to historic records. A maximum of 2250 plants were found in ten subpopulations in four sites in 2019-2020. It was not refound in three sites and 15 subpopulations. It is assessed as IUCN threat category ‘Endangered’. Its primary vegetation type is SD14d Salix repens - Campylium stellatum dune slack Festuca rubra subcommunity, within which it favours short, open structure on dry, low nutrient soils. Conservation requires managing and creating its niche in the dune slacks.
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