Individual carbon and niitrogen sources which sustain dikaryotic fruiting in the basidiomycete Schizophyllufiv (0o0110ne were determined. Combination studies indicated that certain poor substrates were inhibitory; these included acetate, citrate, KNO2 , and i.-lysine. Homokaryotic (haploid) fruiting was promoted by dilute culture medium. Both developmental systems were arrested by respiratory C(2. Elevated temperature (e.g., 30 C) essentially completely blocked homokaryotic fruiting of S. commnune. Recent studies dealing with the role of the environment in morp)hogenesis of the wood-rot
The polyol metabolism of intact cells and extracts of the wood-rotting mushroom Schizophyllum commune was investigated during the developmental cycle. Exogenous polyols stimulated the cellular respiration of germlings, but were without effect on that of ungerminated basidiospores. Requisite enzymes of polyol metabolism were demonstrated in extracts of spores and of subsequent stages of development. Oxidation of mannitol and sorbitol appeared to be coupled to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) reduction and was favored in alkaline medium. Ketohexose formation was shown during mannitol oxidation, and the NADdependent oxidation of xylitol yielded ketopentose. Xylitol oxidation with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) as hydrogen acceptor led to pentose formation. Oxidation of reduced NAD was enhanced by fructose but not by sorbose. Reduction of aldohexose and pentose was dependent upon reduced NADP, and pentose reductase was maximal at pH 6.8. The specific activity of mannitol dehydrogenase was highest in extracts of vegetative mycelium. Growth in either glucose or xylose media had no significant effect on enzymes of polyol metabolism.
Studies concerning the regulation of hexose monophosphate metabolism in the basidiomycetes have lagged considerably behind work on other fungi, animal systems, and bacteria.
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