Ensuring security in embedded systems translates into several design challenges, imposed by the unique features of these systems. These features make the integration of conventional security mechanisms impractical, and require a better understanding of the whole security problem. This paper provides a unified view on security in embedded systems, by introducing first the implied design and architectural challenges. It then surveys and discusses the currently proposed security solutions that address these challenges, drawing from both current practices and emerging research, and identifies some open research problems that represent the most interesting areas of contribution.
International audienceVehicular traffic is increasing around the world, especially in urban areas. This increase results in a huge traffic congestion, which has dramatic consequences on economy, human health, and environment. Traditional methods used for traffic management, surveillance and control become inefficient in terms of performance, cost, maintenance, and support, with the increased traffic. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is an emergent technology with an effective potential to overcome these difficulties, and will have a great added value to intelligent transportation systems (ITS). In this survey, we review traffic light projects and solutions. We discuss their architectural and engineering challenges, and shed some light on the future trends as well
In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive survey of security issues in wireless sensor networks. We show that the main features of WSNs, namely their limited resources, wireless communications, and close physical coupling with environment, are the main causes of the their security vulnerabilities. We discuss the main attacks stemming from these vulnerabilities, along with the solutions proposed in the literature to cope with them. The security solutions are analyzed with respect to the different layers of the network protocol stack and cover the following issues: Key management, secure data dissemination, secure data aggregation, secure channel access and secure node compromise.
Directed diffusion is a prominent example of datacentric routing in sensor networks, since it is based on application layer data and purely local interactions. However; its functioning relies heavily on expensive operations, like network-wide flooding, that may decrease the protocol performance in densely deployed networks. In this paper; we take a first step towards understanding the performance of directed diffusion in dense sensor networks. Our objective is to precisely identify the protocol's weaknesses in such application scenarios, in order to allow adequate optimizations for better performance.
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