A hybrid nanoporous membrane made of a solid-state polymeric thin film in which an ion channel is confined is realized. The primary and extremely encouraging results obtained by confocal fluorescence spectroscopy and ion diffusion measurement demonstrate respectively that (i) the considered ion channel, that is, Gramicidin-A, can be confined selectively inside the nanopores and (ii) the ionic permeability of the membrane is enhanced. Atomistic molecular simulations are also reported and fruitfully compared to the experimental findings.
In this study, micro-Raman spectroscopy technique was implemented to characterize an unirradiated homogeneous Gigondas (U 0.76 Pu 0.24 )O 2+x sample, which had been stored for 30 years at room temperature under air. The impacts of Pu content, deviation from stoichiometry, self-radiation damage and formation of secondary phases were assessed by comparing the Raman spectra of the aged Gigondas with an annealed sample [(U 0.76 Pu 0.24 )O 2 ]. The Pu content of the sample was measured by electron probe microanalysis technique, while the stoichiometry of the annealed Gigondas sample was determined by the results of electron probe microanalysis technique and X-ray diffraction. Two methods were proposed to explain the Raman spectrum of the aged Gigondas sample. They considered the presence of MO 2+x phase and the mixture of MO 2+x and M 4 O 9 (M: U and Pu) phases respectively. Formation of the secondary phases, which were detected on the surface of the aged Gigondas sample, could be mostly due to alpha radiolysis. It was suggested that self-radiation damage up to about 0.6 dpa leads to a shift of MO 2+x T 2g band by about 1 to 2 cm À1 towards lower wavenumbers.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.