The combination of exchange-biased systems and ferroelectric materials offers a simple and effective way to investigate the angular dependence of exchange bias using one sample with electric-field-induced competing anisotropies. A reversible electric-field-controlled magnetization reversal at zero magnetic field is also realized through optimizing the anisotropy configuration, holding promising applications for ultralow power magnetoelectric devices.

We report electric-field control of magnetism of (Co/Pt) multilayers involving perpendicular magnetic anisotropy with different Co-layer thicknesses grown on Pb(Mg,Nb)O-PbTiO (PMN-PT) FE substrates. For the first time, electric-field control of the interface magnetic anisotropy, which results in the spin reorientation transition, was demonstrated. The electric-field-induced changes of the bulk and interface magnetic anisotropies can be understood by considering the strain-induced change of magnetoelastic energy and weakening of Pt 5d-Co 3d hybridization, respectively. We also demonstrate the role of competition between the applied magnetic field and the electric field in determining the magnetization of the sample with the coexistence phase. Our results demonstrate electric-field control of magnetism by harnessing the strain-mediated coupling in multiferroic heterostructures with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and are helpful for electric-field modulations of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and Rashba effect at interfaces to engineer new functionalities.

Based on unique experimental setups, the temperature dependences of the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect (LSSE) and spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) of the Pt/yttrium iron garnet (Pt/YIG) hybrid structure are determined in a wide temperature range up to the Curie temperature of YIG. From a theoretical analysis of the experimental relationship between the SMR and temperature, the spin mixing conductance of the Pt/YIG interface is deduced as a function of temperature. Adopting the deduced spin mixing conductance, the temperature dependence of the LSSE is well reproduced based on the magnon spin current theory. Our research sheds new light on the controversy about the theoretical models for the LSSE.