Introducción:
El objetivo principal es analizar el impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en los desencadenantes de la psicopatología y el contenido delirante de los pacientes con síntomas psicóticos atendidos durante los primeros 3 meses en un hospital terciario de Madrid.
Métodos:
Estudio transversal, observacional y retrospectivo en pacientes que acudieron a urgencias psiquiátricas entre el 11 de marzo y el 11 de junio de 2020. Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. Se realizaron las pruebas de la χ
2
o el test exacto de Fisher para el contraste de hipótesis de variables categóricas. El nivel de significación estadística se estableció en p < 0,05.
Resultados:
En el primer mes, la COVID-19 condiciona el contenido delirante del 38,5% de los pacientes ingresados y actúa como desencadenante directo de las consultas en el 46,2% de los casos. En la segunda semana en concreto, afecta al 100% de los pacientes en ambos casos. Posteriormente se observa un descenso progresivo y significativo, y la COVID-19 es el factor desencadenante del 17,6 y el 11,5% de las consultas en el segundo y el tercer mes y el condicionante del contenido delirante en el 13,7 y el 3,8% de los casos respectivamente.
Conclusiones:
La actual pandemia afecta a la patoplastia del delirio. El contenido delirante de los pacientes ingresados con síntomas psicóticos se ve rápidamente condicionado, lo que puede estar en relación con el cambio de vida radical, sin transición ni preparación previa. Los acontecimientos y el entorno del paciente tienen un enorme impacto en la dinámica y las características de trastornos mentales.
IntroductionSince the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have demonstrated its considerable psychological impact. The isolation and social distancing, the increased fear of being infected or infecting others and the insecurity generated by the economic impact, could contribute to an increase in the incidence of mental health issues, such as psychotic disorders.ObjectivesThe aim is to discuss four clinical cases in order to provide further evidence on this matter.MethodsWe report on three females and one male with no personal psychiatric history who were admitted to a tertiary hospital during the first three months after the declaration of the pandemic. The average age was 44,25 ± 14,97 years.Results
All patients met the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) criteria for acute and transient psychotic disorder. All of the episodes were triggered by the stress generated from the COVID-19. Complementary tests were unremarkable. They all tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Rapid discharge with favorable response to relatively low doses of antipsychotics was possible with a mean length of stay of 7,25 ± 2,86 days. In two of the cases the delirious content was predominantly marked by the coronavirus itself.ConclusionsIt has been suggested that the intense psychosocial stress associated with a new life-threatening disease and national lockdown restrictions could be triggers for new-onset psychotic disorders. Some authors have reported cases similar to ours, which means that we could be experiencing and increase in the incidence of psychotic disorders due to the exceptional circumstances we are living around the world.
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