Objective: To analyse the clinical features of pneumomediastinum associated with DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) to improve clinicians' understanding of the disease. Methods: A total of 78 patients with pneumomediastinum associated with DKA were identified in the literature search, and one patient treated in our hospital was included. The clinical features of the 79 patients were retrospectively analysed, and the pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies and prognoses were explored. Results: All cases were confirmed by chest CT (computed tomography), and Kussmaul respiration, severe vomiting, chest pain were common symptoms. The main treatment principle was to correct acidosis and treat the primary disease. The majority of patients recovered within 1-2 weeks, and only 2 patients died. Conclusion: Pneumomediastinum associated with DKA is a rare disease, and it has a benign course when an early diagnosis is made and aetiological treatment is administered.
Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of preoperative ultra-short-course chemotherapy, combined with surgical treatment for chest wall tuberculosis and summarize our experience in this regard, to provide a reference for national and international clinicians. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of the clinical data, preoperative antituberculosis duration, and postoperative recurrence rate in 263 patients with chest wall tuberculosis spanning 5 years. Results: Overall, 263 patients were treated with anti-tuberculosis drugs for about 17:06 ± 12.49 days during the preoperative period. Simple chest wall tuberculosis was treated for 12:82 ± 5.87 days and composite chest wall tuberculosis for 21:04 ± 5.11 days. The postoperative recurrence rate of chest wall tuberculosis was 3.80%, which was close to or lower than the recurrence rate of routine preoperative anti-tuberculous therapy in patients subjected to ultra-short-range anti-tuberculosis treatment before surgery. Conclusion: Preoperative ultra-short-course chemotherapy combined with surgical treatment of chest wall tuberculosis did not increase the recurrence rate of chest wall tuberculosis; moreover, it could effectively shorten hospitalization time and improve patient compliance. Full-line anti-tuberculosis treatment and complete resolution of tuberculosis infections are crucial to curing chest wall tuberculosis.
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