One of the largest mangosteen producing areas in Tasikmalaya Regency, which is in 8 villages in Puspahiang Sub-district. Mangosteen farmers Puspahiang district relies on export quality because the price is 3 times more expensive. However, due to farmers' pursuit of mangosteen the quality of exports of farmers will be much to remove the mangosteen fruit harvest that does not enter the quality of exports such as too small fruits or infected yellow sap disease. In addition, if the mangosteen reached in end season, mangosteen farmers in Puspahiang will switch to other livelihoods. Mangosteen pericarps has been used by generations as a medicine. Socio-economic study to community in the form of the introduction of ECO-friendly technology (TTG) Mangosteen extraction has been aimed to determine the response of mangosteen farmers in Puspahiang in the development of the Mangosteen Extract Center for the needs of the Herbal and Nutrition Medicine industries. The survey method was carried out, socialization, pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The socio-economic survey showed that the Puspahiang community is almost 100% in agreement with the construction of the mangosteen leather extrator center. However, 60% of the public is concerned about the processing of waste extracts. Subsequently, it needs to be done waste treatment studies on the socio-economic community. Keywords: extract; mangosteen pericarps; Puspahiang; socio-economic.
α-mangostin merupakan turunan xanthon yang banyak terdapat pada kulit dan buah manggis. α-mangostin memiliki kemampuan menekan pembentukan senyawa karsinogen yang merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya kanker. α-mangostin dapat membentuk kompleks khelat dengan logam seperti teknesium-99m (99mTc), sehingga dapat membentuk sediaan radiofarmaka yang dapat digunakan sebagai diagnosis kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan sediaan radiofarmasi 99mTc-Alfamangostin dengan metode langsung dengan melakukan optimalisasi terhadap beberapa parameter seperti jumlah reduktor, kondisi pH, jumlah ligan, dan waktu inkubasi. Penentuan kemurnian radiokimia dilakukan dengan kromatografi lapis tipis dengan pengembang campuran amonia : etanol : air dengan perbandingan 1 : 2 : 5 untuk memisahkan pengotor radiokimia berupa TcO2 dan NaCl 0,9% untuk memisahkan pengotor radiokimia berupa TcO4. Kondisi optimum penandaan diperoleh pada pH 9, dengan jumlah reduktor 50 μl, jumlah ligan α-mangostin 1000 μg dengan waktu penandaan pada menit ke 0 pada suhu kamar (250C) dengan kemurnian radiokimia 86.5 ± 1,31 %. Kata kunci : Kanker, α-mangostin, Teknesium-99m, Radiofarmaka
Natural compounds provide precursors with various pharmacological activities and play an important role in discovering new chemical entities, including radiopharmaceuticals. In the development of new radiopharmaceuticals, iodine radioisotopes are widely used and interact with complex compounds including natural products. However, the development of radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds with iodine radioisotopes has not been widely explored. This review summarizes the development of radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds using iodine radioisotopes in the last 10 years, as well as discusses the challenges and strategies to improve future discovery of radiopharmaceuticals from natural resources. Literature research was conducted via PubMed, from which 32 research articles related to the development of natural compounds labeled with iodine radioisotopes were reported. From the literature, the challenges in developing radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds were the purity and biodistribution. Despite the challenges, the development of radiopharmaceuticals from natural compounds is a golden opportunity for nuclear medicine advancement.
Background: Human estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), which is known to play a role in mediating cell proliferation, metastasis, and resistance to apoptosis, is one of the targets of breast cancer therapies. Alpha mangostin (AM) is an active xanthone compound from Garcinia mangostana L. which has activity as an ERα inhibitor. Objectives: This research aims to predict the pharmacokinetic and toxicity and to study the molecular interactions of AM derivatives with the ERα using computer-aided simulation approaches through molecular docking, molecular dynamic, and pharmacophore screening to develop novel anti-breast cancer agents. Methods: Marvinsketch and Chimera programs were used to design and optimize the structure of AM and its derivatives. For screening the pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiles, the PreADMET web was used. The AutoDockTools 1.5.6 and LigandScout 4.4.3 Advanced software were used to conduct the molecular docking simulation and pharmacophore screening, respectively, while the molecular dynamic simulation was performed using AMBER 16. The results were visualized by Biovia Discovery Studio. method: Marvinsketch and Chimera program were used to design and optimize the stucture of AM and its derivatives. For screening the pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiles, the PreADMET web was used. The AutoDockTools 1.5.6 and LigandScout 4.4.3 Advanced software was used to conduct the molecular docking simulation and pharmacophore screening, respectively, while the molecular dynamic simulation was performed using AMBER 16. The results were visualized by Biovia Discovery Studio. Results: Molecular docking using Autodock showed that FAT10 derivate has lower binding free energy (G) (-12.04 kcal/mol) than AM (-8.45 kcal/mol) when docking to ERα and both performed the same hydrogen bond with Thr347. These support the results of the MMPBSA calculation on dynamic simulation which shows FAT10 (-58.4767 kcal/mol) has lower G than AM (-42.7041 kcal/mol) and 4-OHT (-49.0821 kcal/mol). The pharmacophore screening results also showed that FAT10 fitted the pharmacophore with a fit score of 47.08. result: Molecular docking of ERα using Autodock showed that FAT10 derivate has lower free energy binding (G) (-12.04 kcal/mol) than alpha mangostin (-8.45 kcal/mol) and both formed hydrogen bond with Thr347. The results are supported by the MMPBSA calculation on dynamic simulation with FAT10 (-58.4767 kcal/mol) having lower G than alpha mangostin (-42.7041 kcal/mol) and 4-OHT (-49.0821 kcal/mol). The pharmacophore screening also showed that FAT10 fit score is 47.08, indicating that it fitted the pharmacophore model. Conclusion: From the results, it can be suggested that FAT10 has promising activity as ERα antagonist. Further in vitro and in vivo experiments should be carried out to support these in silico studies,
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