Fleksibilitas dan kemudahan bercocok tanam dengan metode hidroponik modern mengakibatkan kebutuhan pemasangan turut meningkat. Berbagai jenis tanaman dapat diterapkan pada sistem hidroponik modern, menyebabkan metode ini berpotensi untuk diaplikasikan di berbagai wilayah. Namun, tidak semua wilayah memiliki akses pada jaringan tenaga listrik, padahal sistem hidroponik modern membutuhkan suplai daya listrik yang cukup agar dapat beroperasi. Sistem hidroponik modern juga dituntut memiliki rancang-bangun yang berfungsi menjaga kualitas zat anorganik sesuai kebutuhan secara akurat dan terukur secara otomatis. Sistem yang dibuat juga didesain sehingga dapat beroperasi secara off-grid. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan sebuah pengembangan sistem hidroponik otomatis untuk menyelesaikan berbagai permasalahan. Data uji menunjukkan bahwa sistem telah bekerja dengan akurat. Error sensor tidak lebih dari 10,75% dan akurasi kinerja aktuator sebesar 100%. Sistem juga mampu bekerja selama satu hari penuh melalui sistem panel surya sebesar 100 WP dan baterai berkapasitas 27 Ah. Sebagai kesimpulan, rancang bangun sistem hidroponik otomatis mampu melakukan self-maintenance terhadap nilai nutrisi dan pH, memenuhi kebutuhan penyinaran buatan, sekaligus dapat beroperasi di berbagai area secara portabel.
The growth of public awareness of the environment is directly proportional to the development of the use of electric cars. Electric cars operate by consuming electrical energy from battery storage, which must be recharged periodically at the charging station. Solar panels are one source of energy that is environmentally friendly and has the potential to be applied to charging stations. The use of solar panels causes the charging station to no longer depend on conventional electricity networks, which the majority of it still use fossil fuel power plants. Solar panels have a problem that is not optimal electrical power output so that it has the potential to affect the charging parameters of the battery charging station. Adaptive Velocity-Particle Swarm Optimization (AV-PSO) is an artificial intelligence type MPPT optimization algorithm that can solve the problem of solar panel power optimization. This study also uses the Coulomb Counting method as a battery capacity estimator. The results showed that the average sensor accuracy is more than 91% with a DC-DC SEPIC converter which has an efficiency of 69.54%. In general, the proposed charging station system has been proven capable to enhance the energy security by optimizing the output power of solar panels up to 22.30% more than using conventional systems.
Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a method that can be used to optimize the electrical power output from solar panels. The performance of the MPPT method on solar panel systems can be influenced by many variables. One of them is the selection of a DC-DC power converter. DC-DC-DC Converter is a component that is used to optimize the performance of solar panels. Several types of DC-DC Converter are Buck, Buck-Boost, Single Ended Primary Inductance Converter (SEPIC), and CUK. Each converter has a different effect on solar panels output power. In order to observe and make a comprehensive analysis, simulations are performed through PSIM (Power Simulator) software on the performance of several DC-DC Converters that use Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) as the MPPT algorithm. Variables that observed are the output power characteristic, the response of the voltage-current ripple signal, and the accuracy of the converter in the process of reaching the maximum power point condition. As a result, CUK converter can obtain the highest value of solar panel output power, 145.02 W. A low ripple level with a stable power value response is entirely generated by CUK and SEPIC Converter. Overall, for this system, the CUK converter has better performance than the other converters.
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