Energy of water is one of the renewable energy that can be converted into electrical energy without pollution. Rotation, torque, and power generated by the water wheel can be used directly both for irrigation pumping and for running a rice mill even move the alternator and electrical generators. The purpose of this study was to find the best water wheel performance indicated by torque, rotation, and power as well as the relative speed of the water at the side of the blade. The results obtained in the preliminary test were the average water velocity of 2.50 m/s, the average rotation shaft of 79.78 rpm, the average torque on the shaft of 58.98 Nm, the average power of 510,67 W. The second results were also obtained as given the results and discussion section. It was found that the best water wheel performance based on the analysis was shown in the second test results.
Water power is a type of power obtained from the force created by flowing water. Energy created from flowing water can be harnessed as a form of mechanical energy that can be utilized to generate electricity. Undershot water wheels have been extensively used to take advantage of the water flowing from rivers or waterfalls. This research was conducted by using water turbines with bowl-shaped blades made of iron and acrylic. The diameter of the turbines was 30 cm, and the diameter of the blades was 9 cm. Four, six, and eight blades were used in the three water turbines for this research. The blades were discharged and loaded to turn the turbine to generate force. The results of the study showed that the highest efficiency (η = 74.22%) was found in the six-blade turbine with a discharge of 0.01228 m 3 /s. It can be concluded that water turbines with bowl-shaped blades can be used as an alternative energy in small-scale electric generators.
The Fluid flow through circular cylinders in serieal parallel positions arranged in tandem were analyzed computationally and experimentally at nine levels of Reynolds number, ReD 34,229; 47,921; 61,612; 75,304; 88,996; 102,688; 116,379; 130.071 and 143,763 The variation in the ratio of the distance between the front and rear cylinders is determined as M / D = 0.3, M / D = 0.5, M / D = 0.7, M / D = 0.9, and M / D = 1.1. While the distance between cylinder number 2 and 3 we set constantly and determined as N / D = 5 cm. The results displayed are flow velocity with computational approach validated by flow visualization, computational pressure contour, and drag coefficient through experimental testing. The results showed that the smallest boundary layer thickness was obtained in the model with a distance ratio of M / D = 2.5, using both computational and experimental approaches. The characteristics of the minimum pressure contour and the lowest drag coefficient (CD) = 0.7572 were also obtained at the ratio of the distance M / D = 0.25 and at upstream speed of 21 m / s
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