SUMMARY A super‐tall building with height of 420 m and 88 floors is located in central Hong Kong. Field monitoring of wind effects on the high‐rise structure was conducted during the passage of several typhoons on the basis of a wind and movement monitoring system installed in the building. Field data such as wind speed, wind direction, pressures on cladding, acceleration and displacement responses were simultaneously recorded during the typhoons and then analyzed. Typhoon wind parameters including turbulence intensity, gust factor, peak factor, turbulence integral length scale and power spectral density were presented and discussed. The dynamic properties of the high‐rise structure were determined from the field measurements and compared with those calculated at the design stage. The damping ratios of the super‐tall building were evaluated by a random decrement technique, which demonstrates amplitude‐dependent characteristics. The relationships between the structural dynamic responses and the approaching wind speed were analyzed. Wind tunnel tests were conducted to investigate the wind effects on the super‐tall building. The field‐measured acceleration responses were found to be consistent with the model test results. Finally, the serviceability performance of the super‐tall building during the typhoons was assessed on the basis of the field measurement results. The findings of the paper are expected to be of considerable interest and practical use to professionals and researchers involved in wind‐resistant designs of super‐tall buildings. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
This paper present some selected numerical results of a typical super-tall building based on a new Large Eddy Simulation scheme. The spatial correlation of local wind forces were presented and discussed in detail. The probabilistic characteristics of fluctuating wind loads were evaluated. Furthermore, the along-wind and across-wind spectral characteristics were studied and compared with the von Karman spectrum. The output of this study is expected to be of considerable interest and practical use to professionals and researchers involved in the design of super-tall buildings.
This paper present some selected results of wind tunnel tests carried out on a typical super-tall building The variations of wind loads in the three orthogonal directions with wind attack direction were evaluated. The cross-correlations among various wind loading components were presented and discussed in detail. Furthermore, the across-wind spectral characteristics were studied and an empirical formula for estimation of the across-wind overturning moment spectrum for the super-tall building is presented. The output of this study is expected to be of considerable interest and practical use to professionals and researchers involved in the design of super-tall buildings.
The time-varying mean (TVM) component plays a vital role in the characterization of non-stationary winds, whereas it is difficult to extract the TVM accurately or to validate it quantitively. To deal with this problem, this paper first develops two additional conditions for the TVM extraction from the perspective of structural wind-induced vibration response, then presents an approach, based on the combination of Vondrak filter and genetic algorithm (Vondrak-G), to derive the optimal TVM from non-stationary wind speed records as well as its turbulence characteristics (i.e. gust factor, turbulence intensity, and turbulence integral length scale). Furthermore, the wind characteristics obtained by the Vondrak-G approach are compared with those by a conventional approach derived for stationary winds, demonstrating that the results by the Vondrak-G approach are evidently more accurate. This paper aims to provide an effective method for accurately extracting the TVM and then evaluating wind characteristics of the non-stationary wind.
This paper presents statistical analysis results of wind speed and atmospheric turbulence data measured from a meteorological station in Beijing and is primarily intended to provide useful information on boundary layer wind characteristics for wind-resistant design of tall buildings and high-rise structures. Wind velocity data in longitudinal, lateral and vertical directions, which were recorded from an ultrasonic anemometer during windstorms, are analyzed and discussed. Atmospheric turbulence information such as turbulence intensity, gust factor, turbulence integral length scale and power spectral densities of the three-dimensional fluctuating wind velocity are presented and used to evaluate the adequacy of existing theoretical and empirical models. The objective of this study is to investigate the profiles of mean wind speed and atmospheric turbulence characteristics over a typical urban area.
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