Flow injection unit with merging zone technique was designed for aniline blue determination spectrophotometrically. This unit consists of a valve was designed for dye injection. The scope of the study is to find the optimum conditions :volume of sample, flow rate of carrier, dead volume, dispersion coefficient and reproducibility. They found 117µl, 4.3 ml/min, zero dead volume, 2.62 and high reproducibility for six times respectively. The range of aniline blue concentration by flow injection analysis was 0. 1 -8 ppm and detection limit 0.1 with R 2 = 0.9952 and 0.01 -16 ppm for spectrophotometric method with R 2 =0.9947 with detection limit 0.01 .

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The research is included determination of Fe(II) via its reaction with 1,10-phenanethroline to form light-red complex which is absorbed at λ max =510 nm. Home-made flow injection valve is designed with two loading loops, L1 and L2. A series of studies are conducted represented by fixing physical and chemical optimum conditions, dead volume, repeatability, dispersion coefficient, construction calibration graph, and application of the method. The dead volume is zero for the system which it has high repeatability (n=8) with RSD and SD 0.6 and 0.05 respectively. The dispersion coefficient is 1.68 at the concentration 10 ppm. The range of measurements of calibration graph is (0.05-18.00) ppm with limit of detection (S/N=3) 0.05 ppm.

This study proposes an easy and cheap technique to get rid of dangerous Malachite Green (MG)

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In this study, we examined the preparation of silver nanoparticles using plant extracts abundantly available in the country. We combined nano-silver from the product of the silver nitrate reaction with the extract of the Jerusalem artichoke, a plant commonly grown in central Iraq. Using UV-Vis spectroscopy, we investigated the creation of silver nanoparticles produced from silver nitrate with a Jerusalem artichoke fruit extract and found that the maxima absorption was 430 nm. After taking a series of different concentrations of silver nitrate for the synthesis of nanoparticles, the best concentration was 2.5 × 10-3 M. We also studied the change in the FTIR spectrum of both the extract and the resulting nanoparticle compound. The silver nanoparticles in the Jerusalem artichoke extract showed sensitivity and yielded positive results as an anti-bacterial E.coli and Staphylococcus. Also, the synthesized nano-silver was analyzed by SEM.