Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been historically studied, identified, and diagnosed more in males than females which can be attributed to a range of factors other than biological. The preponderance of males with autism is often associated with the Extreme Male Brain (EMB) theory which contends that this male bias is interceded by the amplification of male-biased sex differences in the expression of autism-associated traits found in typical populations. This long-held notion of attaching autism to the male gender had severely impacted the females on the spectrum leading to late diagnosis, misdiagnosis, and “masking” in order to blend in. Media also played a role in the near-exclusive portrayal of autistic people as white males which is outrageously unrepresentative of reality. The present paper analyses the narratives of self-identified autistic women about their experiences shared through TED Talks which offer both individual and collective counter-narratives to articulate new understandings. The paper attempts a qualitative interpretation of 5 such talks to demonstrate how speaking about these narratives in public and influential spaces like TED Talks de-constructs collective memories (process) and constitutes constructing La Memoire Collective between the knowledge of experience and shared memories.
Khushwant Singh’s Train To Pakistan documents the horrors of the partition of India and Pakistan in the year 1947 by presenting a story set in a fictional village, Mano Majra which is an ecological synecdoche as the village stands for the two nations, India and Pakistan. The nation building narrative of Singh, as well as Gandhi - "the future of India lies in villages", though highly ecological as its focus is only on maintaining the "self-sufficiency" of every village, is paradoxical as it is concerned only with the microcosm of the villages and not with the macrocosm of the nation. The spiritual connection that Mano Majrans have with their land and river, which is the basis of their identity, cannot be limited by narratives of nation building revolving around political boundaries. The post-partition anxiety of the two countries, at the level of the microcosm, is the trauma of the loss of their ecological home. Khushwant Singh's novel provides a powerful insight into the deep roots of this eco-aesthetic identity and the anxiety of its loss resulting in the cultural divide that continues to exist between India and Pakistan. This essay makes the argument that Khushwant Singh highlights the anti-ecological nature of nation building narratives in his novel, Train to Pakistan.
Research in artificial intelligence and cognitive computing (simulation of human thought processes in machines involving self-learning systems and processes that efficiently use pattern recognition such as detecting voice, or acquiring data (data mining) and imitating human thoughts in machines) is an evolutionary and innovative field acquiring knowledge from liberal arts, humanities such as management science, philosophy, psychology. The need to rely on these disciplines is of vital importance and strategic value in today's technology up-gradation as robots are designed to think and behave like human-beings. Robotic technology can assess and solve problems through the aid of human intervention and support. Issues that are of a laborious nature can be solved through machine technology and processes or machines and humans must work together to solve larger problems of which the dire need is where humans and machines need to work together in solving problems of global warming and climate change.
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