The basic chemical composition, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity of fruits of three new Polish breeding clones (No. 5/6, type S, and type N) and four Canadian cultivars (cvs.) (“Martin”, “Smoky”, “Pembina”, and “Honeywood”) grown in Poland in 2016 were investigated. Fruits were analyzed for their contents of triterpenoids, carotenoids, chlorophylls, and polyphenolics with the ultra-performance liquid chromatography photodiode detector-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-PDA-Q/TOF-MS) method, sugar with the high-performance liquid chromatography–evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD) method, and antioxidant capacity with the ability to reduce free radical (ABTS) and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) method. Thirty-eight bioactive compounds, including twenty-eight polyphenolic compounds (four anthocyanins, nine phenolic acids, nine flavonols, and seven flavan-3-ols), four carotenoids, two chlorophylls, and three triterpenoids were identified in the fruits. The fruits of the tested Saskatoon berry genotypes were found to be rich in phenolic compounds (3773.94–6390.36 mg/100 g·dm), triterpenoids (66.55–91.31 mg/kg·dm), and carotenoids (478.62–561.57 mg/kg·dm), with high ABTS and FRAP capacity (10.38–34.49 and 9.66–25.34 mmol·Trolox/100 g·dm, respectively). Additionally, the berries of these genotypes seemed to be a good source of sugar (9.02–19.69 g/100 g), pectins (0.67%–1.33%), and ash (0.59%–0.67%). Some genotypes of Saskatoon berry, especially the clones type S, type N, and cvs. “Honeywood” and “Smoky”, may be selected for their potential applications in commercial cultivation to produce fruits with valuable health-promoting nutritional effects on human health. Additionally, three new genotypes that may offer new functional materials can be recommended for fruit growers.

No abstract

The main goals of the study were to determine nutritional parameters including contents of organic acids, sugars, and bioactive compounds as well as the antioxidant activity of fruits and fruit components of seven selected Saskatoon berry (Alnifolia alnifolia) genotypes. Fruits of three Polish clones ('no 5/6', 'type N', and 'type S') and of four Canadian cultivars ('Martin', 'Pembina', 'Smoky', and 'Thiessen') and their components including peel, flesh and seeds were used in the study. The antioxidant potential was determined by the radical scavenging capacity assay, the profiles of organic acids and sugars were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography and the bioactive compounds were quantified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. Fruits of the tested genotypes and their components differed significantly in their antioxidant activity and in their contents of sugars, organic acids and bioactive compounds. Fruits of the 'clone type S' showed the highest antioxidant activity, while those of cvs. 'Thiessen' and 'Smoky' had the highest amount of polyphenols and organic acids. The highest contents of organic acids and bioactive compounds were determined in the fruit peel of the cvs. 'Thiessen' and 'Smoky' and 'clone type S'. The total content of organic acids in fruits of the tested genotypes and their components ranged from 2.50 g/100 g dm (seeds) to 20.50 g/100 g dm (flesh). Malic, quinic, and tartaric acids were found to prevail in these fruits. In turn, the cluster analysis and principal components analysis helped determining the most important variables and identifying three groups of genotypes clustered depending on similarities in the content of individual compounds testes. Results indicated that fruits of the tested Saskatoon berry genotypes and their components were valuable sources of natural antioxidants, while fruit components such as peel and seeds could be used to develop new functional foods, and super foods with health-promoting properties, and also as medical, pharmaceutical or cosmetic components.

The study was conducted in the years

The possibility of obtaining new varieties of plum resistant to the Plum pox virus by using traditional breeding methods with resistant lines was assessed in [2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012]. The source of the resistance was the plum variety 'Jojo' that shows a mechanism of local hypersensitivity, which results in the whole plant being resistant. The assessment covered 435 Prunus domestica seedlings from eleven F 1 hybrid families which had been obtained with traditional breeding methods by crossing the variety 'Jojo' with other plum varieties. The results showed that the variety 'Jojo', used either as a maternal or paternal parent, can be a valuable parental form in plum breeding programmes aimed at obtaining varieties resistant to the sharka disease. Three highly hypersensitive genotypes were obtained: # 4, # 48, and # 186, and an additional 14 were selected for further evaluation. Their production value will be assessed in the coming years.