Relatively large deformations of the steel arch support in underground coal mines in the Republic of Serbia present one of the main problems for achieving the planned production of coal. Monitoring of the critical sections of the steel arch support in the underground roadways is necessary to gather quality data for the development of a forecasting model. With a new generation of 3D laser scanners that can be used in potentially explosive environments (ATEX), deformation monitoring is facilitated, while the process of collecting precise data is much shorter. In this paper, we used a combination of grey and stochastic system theory combined with an autoregressive process for processing collected data and the development of a forecasting model of the deformations of the steel arch support. Forecasted data accuracy based on the positions of the markers placed along the internal rim of support construction shows high accuracy with MAPE of 0.2143%. The proposed model can successfully be used by mining engineers in underground coal mines for steel arch support deformations prediction, consequentially optimizing the maintenance plan of the underground roadways and achieving planned production.
This paper offers a review of some historical evidence and facts about the existence of mining activities in the area of the mountain Avala. Mining activities at Avala can be traced back to the pre-Antiquity times and, depending on the era and political circumstances, they affected more or less the destiny of the Belgrade neighbourhood and even of Serbia itself. Key words: history, mining, mines, metalsApstrakt: U ovom radu dat je pregled istorijskih dokaza i činjenica o postojanju rudarstva na prostoru planine Avale. Na Avali je, sve od preantičkog doba, rudarstvo bilo prisutno i znalo je, u zavisnosti od vremena i političkih prilika, da manje ili više utiče na krojenje sudbine okoline Beograda pa i same Srbije.
This paper presents a review of the advantages of application of JKSimBlast 2DFace software in design phase of underground premises. The aim of this research was to show possibilities of the software and possibility of its application in design of underground premises with suggestions for further work. A model of a drift "TIP 5" was developed and analysed in the software to show all the possibilities of the application of software in underground construction. Further work would require a detailed field work to gather input data required for more detail analysis of the effects of blasting in the software itself, as well as validation of the results given by software on the field.
Knowing mechanical properties of rocks incorporated with ultrasonic waves velocities investigations provide a secure basis for mine modelling. Uniaxial compressive strength, dynamic elastic modulus and ultrasonic waves velocities are just some of the rock properties that indicate on presence of discontinuities, stratification and fissures of rocks. Determining the relationship of these rock properties testing the rock samples that are corresponding to different rock types extracted from different mineral deposits represents the core of this study. In this paper, we statistically analyzed measured and calculated rock properties. We established the connection between these parameters creating empirical correlation equations. Using least squares method and simple linear regression analysis, we defined correlation coefficients and also developed empirical correlation equations.
This paper presents the process of making the 3D model of terrain, digital elevation model and orthophoto at the location of the "Crveni Breg" mine. The necessary photos were taken with a 20-megapixel digital camera attached on the DJI Phantom 4 Pro photography UAV. AgiSoft PhotoScan was used to create the 3D model of terrain. A spatial visualization of mining facilities on the second horizon of the "Crveni Breg" mine was carried out with the assistance of this 3D model of the underground facilities designed in the Autodesk Civil 3D software. Two 3D models were connected to obtain complete spatial visualization of the area. The aim of this paper is to present a general overview of the possibilities that emerge by combining digital aerial photogrammetry and 3D models of underground mines, primarily in the context of protecting infrastructure, and other objects from the impact of underground mining operations as well as serving as a quick, simple, easy and relatively reliable track for potential subsidence.
Underground mining engineers and planners in our country are faced with extremely difficult working conditions and a continuous shortage of money. Production disruptions are frequent and can sometimes last more than a week. During this time, gate road support is additionally exposed to rock stress and the result is its progressive deformation and the loss of functionality of gate roads. In such an environment, it is necessary to develop a low-cost methodology to maintain a gate road support system. For this purpose, we have developed a model consisting of two main phases. The first phase is related to support deformation monitoring, while the second phase is related to data analysis. To record support deformations over a defined time horizon we use laser scanning technology together with multivariate singular spectrum analysis to conduct data processing and forecasting. Fuzzy time series is applied to classify the intensity of displacements into several independent groups (clusters).
This paper provides a brief overview of the methods and materials for injection in underground construction, with a focus on the use of new injection compounds for this purpose. The aim is to draw attention to the possibility of applying new materials for injection that are present in the world, which would facilitate the work, significantly shorten time of work and downtime. Keywords: injection, materials, tunnels, underground construction, geotechnics Apstrakt: Ovaj rad pruža kratak pregled metoda i materijala za injektiranja prilikom podzemne gradnje, sa fokusom na primenu novih injekcionih masa za ove potrebe. Cilj rada je da se ukaže na mogućnost primene novih materijala za injektiranje koji su zastupljeni u svetu, čime bi se olakšao posao, znatno skratilo vreme rada i zastoji.
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