Co-infections of cystic echinococcosis (CE) and HIV/AIDS is rare. We report four CE cases that were HIV positive. Three out of the four patients underwent a surgical operation to remove the hydatid cysts in their livers. The operation confirmed that in two of the cases their cysts had ruptured. These patients were given 3 months of albendazole after the operation. Follow-up showed they were remarkably improved in term of their health, although they were still HIV antibody positive 6 months after surgical treatment. Interestingly, the treatment remarkably increased their CD4+ cell population. We showed that surgery is suitable for treating hepatic cystic echinococcosis with HIV/AIDS co-infection.
Background/purpose Dental unit water lines (DUWLs) may be contaminated by aerobic bacteria in clinical settings and comprehensive disinfecting methods should be considered without delay. Herein, this study aims to investigate the timeliness and dynamic bacteriostatic effects of different forms of nanometer silver (NMS) disinfectant on bio-film in DUWLs. Materials and methods Bacterial DUWLs samples were respectively treated with different NMS forms, including liquid phase and solid phase at the concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% and their bacteriostatic effects were observed at the 1st, 4th, 7th, 14th, 28th day. Results The bacteriostatic effects of liquid phase NMS at all concentrations were unsatisfactory and the bacteriostatic rate was only 20% at the 1st day. However, there appeared massive bacteria growth at the 4th, 7th, 14th, 28th day. Comparatively, no bacteria growth was found at the 1st, 4th, 7th, 14th, 28th day after sterilizing with different concentrations of solid phase NMS and the bacteriostatic rate was 100%. Conclusion Microbial contamination in DUWLs can be disinfected by different NMS forms, among which solid phase NMS is more bactericidal against bacteria bio-films, demonstrating significant roles of solid phase NMS in preventing DUWL contamination.
Aim This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of radical and conservative surgical procedures for removal of hydatid cysts in the liver of children. Methods A total of 112 pediatric patients had surgical treatment of hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE) between January 2002 and December 2012 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups receiving either radical (n = 26) or conservative surgery (CS) (n = 86). Patient age, gender, symptoms, preoperative radiologic investigations, type of cyst, involvement of other organs, surgical procedure performed, postoperative complications, and mean hospital stay after surgery were recorded. Results The mean surgical procedure time for radical surgery (RS) was significantly longer than CS (126.4 ± 37 vs. 90.4 ± 22.9 minutes, p < 0.001], and the days for hospitalization showed no difference (11.0 ± 2.1 vs. 11.5 ± 3.1 days, p > 0.05]. Seven patients in the CS group had 20-300 mL of bile drainage 2-4 days post-operation and two patients developed a postoperative cavitary abscess; five patients in the RS group and one patient in the CS group developed a hydrothorax on the fifth day postoperatively. Follow-up of all patients showed that the majority had recovered well except for 3 cases who developed recurrences due to cysts ruptured accidently before surgery. There were no recurrences or biliary complications in the RS group. Conclusion CS is an effective method for liver CE cyst removal and RS is suitable for hepatic cysts in less risk position in pediatric patients.
Human cystic echinococcosis is a zoonosis caused by the larval cestode Echinococcus granulosus. Clear cell renal carcinoma is the most common pathological type of renal cell carcinoma. Echinococcosis complicated with carcinoma is rarely reported. Here, we reported a female patient with echinococcal cyst of the liver accompanied with clear cell renal carcinoma. This 27-year-old woman was admitted for abdominal pain. The serological testing of hydatid cyst was positive and levels of tumor markers were within the normal range. The computed tomography and histological findings confirmed hepatic echinococcal cyst complicated with renal carcinoma of kidney. Preoperative liver function was grade A. The patient underwent pericystectomy of liver hydatid cyst and partial nephrectomy. No recurrence was found at 1 year of follow-up. Liver hydatid complicated with renal cell carcinoma is rare, which should be differentiated from liver metastasis of renal cancer. Surgical resection is the optimal treatment. This case may provide insight for the diagnosis and research on the co-occurrence of tumor and hydatid cyst.
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