Cristiane Hammer Martin Tesmmer Universidade do Vale do Rio dos SinosSão Leopoldo, RS, Brasil RESUMO O uso de drogas na adolescência pode causar prejuízos ao desenvolvimento, podendo se estender ao longo da vida. A impulsividade é fator de risco para o consumo de álcool e outras drogas, podendo, assim, ser responsável tanto pelo início quanto pelo aumento da drogadição. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar como e quando ocorre o início do uso de substâncias entre adolescentes do Rio Grande do Sul, investigando, também, os níveis de impulsividade e agressividade entre estes jovens, e se existem diferenças entre os sexos. Foram utilizados três instrumentos: (1) questionário sociodemográfico sobre uso de drogas; (2) escala de impulsividade de Barrat e (3) Inventário de Expressão de Raiva como Estado e Traço-STAXI. Conclui-se que o início do uso de substâncias tem ocorrido mais precocemente no Rio Grande do Sul do que em outros estados, e que as médias de impulsividade e agressividade destes adolescentes foram consideradas elevadas.Palavras-chaves: Adolescência. Álcool e drogas. Impulsividade. Agressividade. ABSTRACT Alcohol and Drugs Use, Levels of Impulsivity and Aggression in Adolescents in Rio Grande do SulDrug use in adolescence can cause damage to development, and may extend throughout life. Impulsivity is a risk factor for alcohol and other drugs, and may thus be responsible for both the beginning and the rise of drug addiction. The aim of this study was to determine how and when the onset of substance use among adolescents in Rio Grande do Sul, investigating also the levels of impulsivity and aggression among these young people, and whether there are differences between the sexes, Three instruments were used: (1) questionnaire on socio-demographic and drug use; (2) the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, and (3) Anger Expression Inventory and State-Trait as STAXI. We conclude that the onset of substance use has occurred earlier in Rio Grande do Sul than in other states, and that the means of impulsivity and aggressiveness of these adolescents were considered elevated.Keywords: Adolescents. Alcohol and drugs. Impulsivity. Aggressiveness. RESUMEN Consumo de Alcohol e Drogas, Niveles de Impulsividad y la Agresión de Adolescentes en Rio Grande do SulEl consumo de drogas en la adolescencia puede causar daño al desarrollo, y se puede extender a lo largo de la vida. La impulsividad es un factor de riesgo de alcohol y otras drogas, y por lo tanto puede ser responsable de tanto el comienzo como el aumento de la drogadicción. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar cómo y cuándo el inicio del consumo de drogas entre los adolescentes en Rio Grande do Sul, investigando también los niveles de impulsividad y la agresión entre los jóvenes, y si hay diferencias entre los sexos. Se utilizaron tres instrumentos: (1) socio-demográfica cuestionario sobre el consumo de drogas, (2) la Escala de Impulsividad de Barratt, y (3) de la ira Expresión y Estado-Rasgo como STAXI. Llegamos a la conclusión de que el inicio del consumo de susta...

Introduction: Central venous catheters are fundamental to daily clinical practice. This procedure is mainly performed by residents, often without supervision or structured training. Objective: To describe the characteristics of central venous catheterization and the complication rate related to it. Method: Retrospective cohort study. Adult patients undergoing central venous catheter insertion out of the intensive care unit (ICU) of a teaching hospital were selected from March 2014 to February 2015. Data were collected from medical charts using an electronic form. Clinical and laboratory characteristics from patients, procedure characteristics, and mechanical and infectious complications rates were assessed. Patients with and without complications were compared. Results: Three hundred and eleven (311) central venous catheterizations were evaluated. The main reasons to perform the procedure were lack of peripheral access, chemotherapy and sepsis. There were 20 mechanical complications (6% of procedures). Arterial puncture was the most common. Procedures performed in the second semester were associated with lower risk of complications (odds ratio 0.35 [95CI 0.12-0.98; p=0.037]). Thirty-five (35) catheter-related infection cases (11.1%) were reported. They were related to younger patients and procedures performed by residents with more than one year of training. Procedures performed after the first trimester had a lower chance of infection. Conclusion: These results show that the rate of mechanical complications of central venous puncture in our hospital is similar to the literature, but more attention should be given to infection prevention measures.

There is little published material in recent years about the use of lower limb prostheses in an elderly amputee population. In this study the authors were interested in the technical changes to lower limb prostheses after a first limb fitting procedure in a post-rehabilitation population in the Netherlands.The process of fitting a prosthesis and the technical changes to the artificial limb in the first year afterwards are studied. IntroductionIn the Netherlands the incidence of major lower limb amputations is about 21/100,000 inhabitants. This includes amputations from transmetatarsal to transpelvic level. Of these amputees more than 80% are over 65 years of age and in 95% of cases the amputation is due to vascular and diabetic pathology (Rommers et al, 1997).The aim of the prosthetic rehabilitation treatment is to provide for the elderly amputees an early return to independent daily activities and mobility with a lower limb prosthesis in their own environment. Walking speed and distance are of lesser importance than the ability to manage on one's own and to walk inside the house. The shortened longevity emphasises the need for timely rehabilitation and the enhancement of quality of the remaining years.

The aim of this study was to evaluate executive functioning (EF) and impulsiveness in three groups of people aged 30 to 79 years: post-frontal stroke (n = 13) and post-extra-frontal chronic stroke of the right hemisphere (n = 31) and control (n = 38). The years of education varied between the groups was as follows, frontal lesion group: M = 12 (SD = 6.11); extra-frontal lesion group: M = 9.06 (SD = 4.94); and control: M = 9.61 (SD = 4.24) years. The following instruments were used: Behavioural Assessment Dysexecutive Syndrome, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WSCT), Barratt Impulsivity Scale, Impulsivity Evaluation Scale, Delay Descounting Task and Go/No-Go Task. We found differences in EF between the extra-frontal lesion group and the control group with respect to cognitive flexibility (p = .018); number of WCST trials (p = .018); WCST perseverative errors (p = .014) and omission by impulsivity errors on the go/no-go task for 250 ms (p = .008) and 1750 ms trials (p = .006). The frontal lesion group made more errors of omission than the control group in the 1750 ms go/no-go trials (p = .006). These results suggest that extra-frontal lesions impair EF by influencing attentional impulsivity.

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