The floricultural industry is always searching for new and low-cost materials to use as substrate for crop growth and development. Sewage sludge is an organic solid waste from sewage treatment and it has a good potential to be used as an organic fertilizer and/or substrate conditioner. The research aimed to evaluate the rooting and growth of Codiaeum variegatum ‘Andreanum’ (red variety) and Codiaeum variegatum ‘Punctatum’ (yellow variety) cuttings cultivated in the potting media: PM1 - 100% commercial potting media used as control (CS), PM2 - 100% organic compost of sewage sludge + sugarcane bagasse (SSSB), PM3 - 50% CS + 50% SSSB, PM4 - 100% organic compost of sewage sludge + eucalyptus bark (SSEB) and PM5 - 50% CS + 50% SSEB. After 90 days of experimentation the chemical analysis of the substrate solution (pH, electric conductivity, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Na, B, Cu, Mn and Zn) and number of shoots, shoot fresh and dry mass, plant cutting fresh and dry masses, root fresh and dry masses, total fresh and dry masses and, length of the largest root were analyzed. Our results showed that sewage sludge compost can be used as a substrate for rooting and growth of croton cuttings when mixed with commercial substrate. The use of the pure sewage sludge compound with sugarcane bagasse or eucalyptus bark prejudiced croton cuttings to root.
Bromeliads are plants that have a high variability in the fertilization possibilities. This is due to the capacity of absorption of water and nutrients by their foliar trichomes and root system. This research was conducted with the objective to evaluate the development of Aechmea fasciata plants according to the substrate base saturation and the application methods of the nutritive solution. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with light intensity between 8,000 and 9,000 Lx. The experimental design was a randomized block design with a factorial statistical arrangement 2x5 factorial (2 percentages of substrate base saturation x 5 combinations between the methods of fertirrigation) with 4 repetitions and 7 plants by portion. The substrate base saturation (V%) established was from 20% to 40% and the fertirrigation was provided by a leaf cistern and directly in the substrate, following these proportions: 100% leaf cistern, 75% leaf cistern and 25% substrate, 50% leaf cistern and 50% substrate, 25% leaf cistern and 75% substrate and 100% substrate. The plants were conducted in vase number 11, 15 and 17, and in each change of vases, it was evaluated the plant height, the rosette diameter, the stalk diameter, the number of leaves and the leaf width. The dry phytomass and leaf area were determined in the vase changes 15 and 17. Moreover, the root exploration and the inclination degree of the plants were determined in the end of the cultivation in vase 17. As conclusion, substrate base saturation greater than 20% damages the growth of Aechmea fasciata plants. The best development of the aerial and root part of Aechmea fasciata plants were achieved when 75% of the nutritive solution is applied via cistern and 25% via substrate. Keywords: bromeliads, leaf fertilization, substrate. RESUMO Crescimento de plantas de Aechmea fasciata em função da saturaçãopor bases e formas de aplicação da fertirrigação As bromélias são plantas que apresentam grande variabilidade quanto às possibilidades de adubação, devido à capacidade de absorção de água e nutrientes via tricomas foliares e sistema radicular. O trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o desenvolvimento de plantas de Aechmea fasciata em função das saturações por base do substrato e formas de aplicação da solução nutritiva. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, sob intensidade luminosa entre 8.000 e 9.000 Lx. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso com esquema fatorial 2 x 5 (2 percentuais de saturação por bases do substrato x 5 combinações entre as formas de aplicação da fertirrigação) com 4 repetições, e 7 plantas por parcela. A saturação por bases do substrato (V%) estabelecida foi de 20 e 40% e a fertirrigação foi fornecida via cisterna da planta e diretamente no substrato, seguindo as seguintes proporções: 100% cisterna, 75% cisterna e 25% substrato, 50% cisterna e 50% substrato, 25% cisterna e 75% substrato e 100% substrato. As plantas foram conduzidas em vasos número 11, 15 e 17, e em cada troca de vaso foram avaliad...
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