No abstract

ResumoA utilização de inseticidas no tratamento de sementes cresce a cada safra em decorrência do ataque progressivo de diferentes espécies de insetos-pragas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência do fipronil e tiametoxam no desempenho fisiológico das sementes de soja sob armazenamento. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições, distribuído em esquema fatorial (4 x 3 x 2), utilizou-se quatro cultivares (BMX MAGNA RR, BMX Potência RR, NK 3358 RR e NK 7059 RR), três tratamentos de sementes (fipronil e tiametoxam e uma testemunha sem inseticida), em dois períodos de armazenamento (zero e 180 dias após a colheita). A qualidade fisiológica das sementes foi avaliada pelos testes: germinação (primeira contagem e contagem final), envelhecimento acelerado, frio modificado, comprimento de plântula e raiz. Diante dos resultados obtidos, pode-se inferir que os inseticidas fipronil e tiametoxam influenciam negativamente a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de soja submetidas ao armazenamento por 180 dias. Os inseticidas após o período de armazenamento afeta negativamente o comprimento de raiz.Palavras-chave: germinação; Glycine max; inseticidas; vigor.

The aim of the study was to evaluate seed germination and vigor of maize subjected to different products and storage periods. The experimental design was completely randomized in a split plot on time. In the plots were distributed nine treatments: an untreated control, one treatment called "standard treatment", with addition of fungicide (fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M) and insecticide (thiamethoxam). From the standard treatment, six treatments with combinations of inoculant (Azospirillum brasilense), micronutrients (nitrogen + potassium + zinc + boron + copper + iron + manganese + molibdenium) and bioregulator. Lastly, a treatment called "complete treatment" including all products. In subplots the storage periods of zero, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days were evaluated. Seed vigour of maize was reduced by seed treatments and storage. Micronutrients addition resulted in higher fitotoxicity in comparison to the addition of other products, regardless of storage period. The treatment with the combination of fungicide, insecticide and inoculant proved to be feasible, and was the most promising seed treatments. None of the studied treatments affected the germination in up to 45 days of storage, however the complete treatment with 3200 mL .100 kg -1 reduced seed vigour.Potencial fisiológico de sementes de milho submetidas a diferentes tratamentos e períodos de armazenamento RESUMO -O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a germinação e vigor das sementes de milho submetidas a diferentes produtos e períodos de armazenamento. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo. Na parcela foram distribuídos nove tratamentos: uma testemunha não tratada, um tratamento denominado de "tratamento padrão", com adição de fungicida (fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M) e inseticida (thiamethoxam). A partir do tratamento padrão, seis tratamentos com combinações de inoculante (Azospirillum brasilense), micronutrientes (nitrogen + potassium + zinc + boron + copper + iron + manganese + molibdenium) e biorregulador. Por fim, um tratamento denominado de "tratamento completo", incluindo todos os produtos. Na subparcela, os períodos de armazenamento 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 e 90 dias foram avaliados. O vigor das sementes de milho foi reduzido pelos tratamentos de sementes e pelo armazenamento. A adição de micronutrientes resultou em maior fitotoxicidade em comparação à adição de outros produtos, independente do período de armazenamento. O uso de fungicida, inseticida e inoculante se mostram viáveis, como os mais promissores tratamentos de sementes. Nenhum dos tratamentos estudados afetaram a germinação até 45 dias de armazenamento, porém o tratamento completo, com 3200 mL. 100 kg -1 reduziu o vigor de sementes.Termos para indexação: Zea mays, tratamento químico, germinação, vigor.1

Canola is an important crop in the world market, mainly for its oil being used for human consumption and biodiesel production, being a great economical option for the farmer, which are the reasons to the increase in its cultivation in Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the adaptability and stability of canola hybrids, depending on the sowing dates. The canola hybrids (Hyola 61, Hyola 76, Hyola 411 and Hyola 433) were evaluated in three sowing dates (04/10, 04/25 and 05/10) in the agricultural years of 2013 and 2014, under a randomized complete block design with five replications. The response variables analyzed were seed yield and oil content. Adaptability and stability of the hybrids were evaluated by three methods: Wricke's ecovalence (1962); confidence index (ANNICCHIARICO, 1992) and method of maximum ideal deviation (LIN; BINNS, 1988). The methodology proposed by Wricke (1962) highlighted as stable the hybrids Hyola 61 for seed yield and Hyola 411 for oil content. In the methodology proposed by Lin and Binns (1988) and Annicchiarico (1992), the hybrids with higher general adaptability and stability were Hyola 411 and 433. These hybrids presented the highest means for seed yield and oil content with predictable and responsive behavior to changes in sowing dates tested in the region of Maringá-PR.

Background: Primary lung tumors in cats are mainly classified into adenocarcinoma arising from peripheral pulmonary epithelium and, in a smaller number of cases, into adenosquamous or squamous carcinoma, bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, and carcinoid tumor. There are few reports in the international literature describing lung cancer metastasis to visceral organs in cats, especially with regard to squamous tumors. This report describes the clinical pathological, histological, and immunohistochemical findings of lung squamous cell carcinoma with metastasis to small intestine in a cat. Case: A female, Siamese, unneutered, adult cat presented with an unhealed ulcerative crusted lesion on the left ear, previously diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Six months later, the cat returned presenting with increased volume in the left pelvic limb and claudication due to severe osteolysis in metatarsal and tarsal bones, as shown in radiographic examinations. The limb was amputated forty day later, but it did not undergo histological examination. The cat died fourteen days after amputation and underwent necropsy. Macroscopically, significant changes were observed in the small intestine, including serous segmental necrotizing and hemorrhagic lesion with luminal stenosis and corrugation of mucous surface, which was covered with a fibrinopurulent pseudomembrane. Palpation of lung parenchyma showed small firm nodules. There was an ulcerative crusted lesion on the left ear. Histopatological examination revealed infiltration of pleomorphic neoplastic epithelial cells disrupting the architecture of small intestine and lung, with pronounced anisocyitosis and anisokaryosis. The neoplastic cells had indistinct borders; their cytoplasm was eosinophilic and pleomorphic and varied from moderate to abundant in amount; and their nuclei were markedly pleomorphic and large, with up to two evident nucleoli and salt-and-paper chromatin. Additionally, numerous keratin pearls and remarkable squamous differentiation were observed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed with the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method using anti-pan-cytokeratin and antivimentin antibodies. Neoplastic cells exhibited strong and uniform cytoplasmatic immunoreactivity for pan-cyitokeratin. Vimentin expression was absent in neoplastic cells but present in the connective tissue associated with the neoplasm. Discussion: Although there are some studies on primary lung squamous cell carcinoma, to the authors' knowledge, this is the second report describing the metastasis of this tumor to small intestine in a cat. The diagnosis of lung SCC in a cat with metastasis to small intestine was confirmed by histopathological assessment and IHC. Although the amputated limb had not undergone histopathological examination, osteolytic lesions in metatarsal and tarsal bones suggested metastasis from primary lung tumors. The lack of involvement of head lymph nodes shows that cutaneous SCC was not related to lung tumors, because metastasis of this carcinoma always involves regional lym...