The wavelengths used in this research provided bacteria reduction without damaging implant surfaces. New clinical research should be encouraged for the use of this technology in the treatment of peri-implantitis.

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Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine whether there is a correlation between fluid infiltration and visible radiographic voids in root filling. Methods: A total of 56 mandibular incisors with straight single canals, complete root formation and no anatomical complexities were selected for this research. Teeth were instrumented by means of Profile System 04 up to file 35 under the same irrigation protocol. Filling was performed by lateral condensation. Subsequently, mesiodistal radiographs were taken for each root and the quality of filling was assessed by calculating the percentage of voids based on the total area. Samples were further assembled into a fluid infiltration set-up. Pearson's correlation test was used to assess the correlation between fluid infiltration and void areas in root canal fillings. Results: Means and standard deviations of fluid infiltration were 0.311 ± 0.215 µL/min and the percentages of radiographic voids were 7.97% ± 3.93%. Conclusion: No correlation was found between these two variables (P = 0.587). According to the results of this study, the amount of fluid infiltration detected in lower incisors is not influenced by the percentage of radiographically visible voids.

Introduction: The characteristics of the material used to perform root-end fillings are crucial to the success of surgical procedures in Endodontics. Several types of material have been proposed and used due to their physical, chemical and biological properties. Objective: The aim of this article is to describe a successful endodontic surgical management in which Portland cement was employed as rootend filling material. Methods: A 64-year-old female patient sought professional care due to moderate pain on chewing and previous episodes of swelling in the region of tooth #25. Clinical examination revealed normal periodontal structures and moderate pain during palpation. Radiographic examination revealed poor root canal treatment with a separated instrument at the beginning of the apical curvature. Periradicular disease was also observed. Retreatment of root canal was performed and it was not possible to bypass the separated instrument. After two years, the patient returned showing outstanding signs and symptoms in the same region. A new radiographic examination revealed maintenance of the periradicular disease. The surgical procedure using Portland cement was then proposed and performed. Results: The 5-year follow-up demonstrates treatment success. Conclusion: The results of this case report suggest that Portland cement has the potential to be used as a root-end filling material.

Introduction: Iatrogenic root perforations occur in approximately 2% to 12% of cases involving inaccurate root canal access, attempt to locate canal orifices, instrumentation or reinstrumentation and bypassing or removal of fractured instruments. When these perforations are performed in the apical thirds, they may even lead to tooth loss due to the greater complexity of treatment. Objective: The aim of this paper was to report the occurrence of an iatrogenic apical root perforation during retreatment of a mandibular central incisor. Methods: Based on clinical and radiographic examinations, a mandibular right central incisor was diagnosed with pulp necrosis and asymptomatic apical periodontitis. Nonsurgical endodontic therapy was recommended. The final radiographic examination revealed poor endodontic treatment; for this reason, nonsurgical reintervention was the therapy of choice. The final radiograph showed apical perforation due to deviation near the apical limit. It was therefore decided that the case should be merely monitored. Results: Clinical and radiographic followups after 5 years showed the successful outcome of this decision. Conclusion: In clinical situations similar to what is shown in this case report, making the correct clinical decision, considering the characteristics of each case, is more important to long-term success than effective action.

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of mesiobuccal 2(MB2) canals not located/treated in maxillary molars and correlated their non-treatment with the presence of periradicular lesion. The study was conducted on 180 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. The 180 examinations added up to 210 teeth analyzed (140 maxillary first molars and 70 maxillary second molars). The presence of non-located/treated MB2 canals and periapical lesions in the mesiobucal(MB) root was identified by observation of the axial and subsequently of sagittal and coronal slices. Among the 210 teeth evaluated, 91.4% (n=192) had MB2 canal, while 8.6% (n=18) did not have this canal. In the first molars with presence of MB2 (n=133), periapical lesion was observed in 85.0% (n=113). Among the second molars with presence of MB2 (n=59), periapical lesion was observed in 72.9% (n=43). The presence of periapical lesion in the MB root was related to the non-location/treatment of the MB2 canal and was higher when it was an independent canal.

La terapia endodóntica prevé la descontaminación químico-mecánica de los canales radiculares, siendo el hipoclorito de sodio (NaClO) la sustancia química más utilizada. Se buscó realizar una revisión crítica de la literatura sobre las consecuencias de accidentes por extravasación de NaClO durante el tratamiento endodóntico y las conductas clínicas necesarias en esos casos. Las búsquedas de bases de datos fueron realizadas en Scielo y Lilacs con descriptores em portugués, y la base de datos PubMed con descriptores en Inglés, obteniéndose 98 registros de artículos disponibles para la lectura completa, publicados desde 2003 hasta 2018. Se incluyeron aquellos cuya temática respondía a los cuestionamientos en discusión: HClO como irrigante endodóntico; factores que afectan la extrusión del hipoclorito en tratamientos endodónticos, consecuencias y manejo clínico en caso de extravasación del riego. La extrusión del hipoclorito más allá del agujero apical conduce a la destrucción del tejido y la necrosis. Sin embargo, son pocos los estudios con recomendaciones después de accidentes por extravasación de NaClO en la clínica endodôntica. En casos de accidentes, se debe aspirar la sustancia y lavar el área con solución salina estéril. No existe un protocolo único para la intervención, se debe evaluar el alcance y la gravedad del accidente. La prioridad es el alivio del dolor, el control del edema y la prevención de infecciones secundarias. El profesional debe atentar a la posibilidad diaria de accidentes y adoptar medidas preventivas.