RESUMOMollusca é um dos maiores Filos do Reino Animal, com uma estimativa de 240.000 espécies. O grupo apresenta enorme diversidade biológica, atrelada a ampla distribuição geográfica. Os representantes do Filo apresentam distintos nichos e relações tróficas. Algumas espécies são de interesse econômico e outras de saúde pública. Um exemplo é o Limnoperna fortunei Dunker, 1857, que condiciona prejuízo ambiental, social e econômico. Já o gênero Biomphalaria, hospedeiro intermediário de um trematódeo, causa problemas de saúde pública em muitos países. Atualmente, o Filo é representado por oito classes: Solenogastres ou Neomeniomorpha, Caudofoveata ou Chaetodermomorpha, Polyplacophora, Bivalvia, Monoplacophora, Scaphopoda, Gastropoda e Cephalopoda. Diante disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um trabalho de revisão do atual conhecimento das características do Filo Mollusca. Mesmo diante dessa diversidade e importância, algumas informações são escassas e pulverizadas na literatura.
Aquatic ecosystems have biological, social, and economic importance. Between the 1980s and 2000s, a few theoretical concepts emerged that attempt to provide a better understanding of the function and dynamics of freshwater ecosystems, including biotic and abiotic variables. The rationale for our research was based on observations of the distribution and abundance of an exotic bivalve mollusc, the golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857). The species has been recorded from several river basins, but only occurs in large water bodies and fails to reach first-order streams. This study provides an overview of the main stream ecology concepts developed to explain the dynamics of lotic ecosystems in an attempt to solve this paradox. The river continuum concept was the first of many in river ecology. These theoretical concepts are not mutually exclusive, but interdependent. It is expected the main reasons for the non-occurrence of L. fortunei in small streams are twofold: fluctuations in physical and hydrologic conditions in small streams, generating instability, and reduced availability of plankton in first- and second-order streams.
Meio ambiente e sustentabilidade: pesquisa, reflexões e diálogos emergentes está licenciado sob CC BY 4.0.Esta licença exige que as reutilizações deem crédito ao criador. Ele permite que os reutilizadores distribuam, remixem, adaptem e construam o material em qualquer meio ou formato, mesmo para fins comerciais. O conteúdo da obra e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores, não representando a posição oficial da Editora Amplla. É permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores. Todos os direitos para esta edição foram cedidos à Editora Amplla.
The predator-prey interactions present in communities influence their composition and structure, acting as a controlling force in the spatial and temporal dynamics of populations. In this context, we aimed to evaluate the influence of environmental impacts on the interaction dynamics between predators and prey in environments with different qualitative characteristics. To this end, we collected macroinvertebrates (prey) and fish (predators) in four sampling sites with distinct seasonal periods. Correlation analyses were performed between predators and prey in different scenarios and, afterwards, the type of relationship, positive or negative, was evaluated. However, in our results more positive relationships were found than negative, which may indicate that predation directly affects other types of ecological relationships between prey groups. More significant relationships were exhibited in the upstream versus downstream regions. This fact may be linked to the anthropic impacts observed downstream. In summary, the relationship between predator-prey interactions and environmental quality, predicted in the initial hypothesis, was corroborated, in which upstream regions (with better qualitative characteristics) exhibited this relationship more stable than downstream regions.
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