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Periodontal disease (PD) is one of the most commonly known human chronic disorders. The relationship between PD and several systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus (DM) has been increasingly recognized over the past decades.Objective:The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with knowledge concerning the relationship between PD and DM. Many articles have been published in the english and Portuguese literature over the last 50 years examining the relationship between these two chronic diseases. Data interpretation is often confounded by varying definitions of DM, PD and different clinical criteria were applied to determine the prevalence, extent and severity of PD, levels of glycemic control and diabetes-related complications.Methods:This paper provides a broad overview of the predominant findings from research conducted using the BBO (Bibliografia Brasileira de Odontologia), MEDLINE, LILACS and PubMed for Controlled Trials databases, in english and Portuguese languages published from 1960 to October 2012. Primary research reports on investigations of relationships between DM/DM control, PD/periodontal treatment and PD/DM/diabetes-related complications identified relevant papers and meta-analyses published in this period.Results:This paper describes the relationship between PD and DM and answers the following questions: 1- The effect of DM on PD, 2- The effects of glycemic control on PD and 3- The effects of PD on glycemic control and on diabetes-related complications.Conclusions:The scientific evidence reviewed supports diabetes having an adverse effect on periodontal health and PD having an adverse effect on glycemic control and on diabetes-related complications. Further research is needed to clarify these relationships and larger, prospective, controlled trials with ethnically diverse populations are warranted to establish that treating PD can positively influence glycemic control and possibly reduce the burden of diabetes-related complications.

ObjectivesThe aim of this work was to evaluate saliva and tongue coating pH in oral healthy patients with morning bad breath before and after use of different oral mouthrinses.Material and Methodsaliva and tongue coating pH of 50 patients allocated in 5 groups were measured respectively by a digital pHmeter and color pH indicators, before, immediately after and 30 min after rinsing 5 different mouthrinses: cetilpiridine chloride associated with sodium chloride, triclosan, enzymatic solution, essential oil and distilled water.ResultsOnly triclosan and essential oil increased salivary pH immediately after rising. The enzymatic solution decreased salivary and tongue coating pH immediately after rinsing.ConclusionSalivary pH tended to be acidic while tongue coating pH tended to be alkaline, even after rising. Triclosan and essential oil mouthrinses increased salivary pH immediately after rinsing. Enzymatic solution decreased saliva and tongue coating pH immediately after rising.

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Cutaneous Larva migrans is a very common disease in tropical regions. In the oral mucosa, the infection occurs in the same way as in the skin, but it is rarer. This report describes two cases of Larva migrans in the oral mucosa. The first case was in a 27-year-old woman who presented an erythematous plaque located on the buccal mucosa, extending to a posterior direction, following a linear pattern, to other areas of the mouth. After incisional biopsy of the anterior-most portion of the lesion, morphological details obtained in multiple examined sections suggested Necator or Ancylostoma braziliense larvae as the cause of infection. The second case was in a 35-yearold male who presented a fusiform erythematous plaque in the palatal mucosa. This area was removed and submitted to microscopic examination under a presumptive diagnosis of "parasite migratory stomatitis". The histological characteristics were suggestive of a larva pathway. In both cases the lesion disappeared after biopsy and the patients were symptom-free.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as condições periodontais e sua relação com o diabetes mellitus na população nipo-brasileira. MÉTODOS: Foram examinados 1.315 indivíduos do município de Bauru, SP, na faixa etária de 30 a 92 anos de idade, ambos os sexos, primeira (Isseis) e segunda (Niseis) gerações. Os critérios de exclusão da amostra foram o edentulismo total e a presença de seis sextantes nulos. O índice periodontal comunitário e o índice de perda de inserção periodontal foram obtidos mediante sondagem em 10 dentes-índice, em uma amostra de 831 indivíduos. O diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus foi estabelecido através da glicemia em jejum e de duas horas após sobrecarga com 75 g de glicose. Para análise estatística foram utilizados os Testes de Kappa e de Qui-quadrado. RESULTADOS: Quanto às condições periodontais, foram encontrados 25,5% de indivíduos sadios, 12,5% com sangramento à sondagem, 49,4% com presença de cálculo, 10,4% com bolsas superficiais, 2,2% com bolsas profundas. Apresentaram perdas de inserção periodontal de 0-3 mm, 24,2% dos indivíduos, de 4-5 mm, 36,7%, de 6-8 mm, 23,7%, de 9-11 mm, 11,3% e de 12 mm ou mais, 4,1%. A avaliação entre diabetes e condições periodontais não apresentou associação estatística (p<0,05), embora os indivíduos com diabetes tenham maiores percentuais de bolsas profundas e perdas de inserção maiores que 6mm que os não diabéticos, quando testados pelo método do Qui-quadrado. CONCLUSÕES: A abordagem epidemiológica da condição periodontal e sua associação com doenças sistêmicas, como o diabetes mellitus, pode oferecer importante contribuição para prevenir suas complicações.

This cross-sectional study aimed at evaluating the oral health conditions of building construction workers from a city in the mid-west region of São Paulo, Brazil. This study involved 219 male subjects, aged 17 to 72. The definition of a random sample utilized the functional number of each worker as a criterion to the raffle, which took into account all 450 subjects registered in the Working Accidents Prevention Program. The examination of oral health conditions by DMFT index and need of treatment were carried out according to WHO criteria (1997). This paper reports the prevalence of caries according to age, occupation, and educational level. Among the 219 workers examined, the mean DMFT was 16.9. Amongst the younger workers (<25 years-old), 21.3 teeth showed no need of treatment, while the older ones showed increasing treatment needs (p<0.001). The DMFT values were 15.6 for the administrative duties and 21.7 for foremen and bricklayers, although the differences were not statistically significant. The DMFT index showed an increase with age for all groups (p<0.001). The self-reported need of treatment was associated with a smaller DMFT for people that reported a positive response when compared with subjects that did not report these needs (p<0.05). These differences were statistically significant, as tested by ANOVA and Student t test. Among the building construction workers, in this study, important oral lesions were not observed, despite the daily exposition to some risk factors for oral cancer.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the oral health condition in a Japanese population aged 40 to 79, in Bauru, Brazil as well as its association with the occurrence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance. It involved 530 subjects, from both sexes. All persons of first generation (Issei) and a random sample of one third of second generation (Nisei) were submitted to a home interview. A clinical examination, oral glucose tolerance test, and examination of oral health conditions took place at the Hospital of Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomaly - USP. The data were processed by Epi-Info program and 22.9% of the individuals presented diabetes mellitus (group I), 15.1% impaired glucose tolerance (group II), and 61.9% were considered normoglycemics (group III). The percentage of edentulous subjects was 45.9% for the total sample, and values of 58.4%, 46.7%, and 41.2% were observed for groups I, II, and III, respectively. Among the edentulous subjects, no one showed necessity of making a total prothesis. These data indicate that tooth loss showed significant association with the occurrence of diabetes mellitus, but there was no significant association with glucose intolerance.