RESUMO -Objetivou-se avaliar a substituição da palma-gigante por palma-miúda em dietas para bovinos em crescimento sobre o consumo e a digestibilidade dos nutrientes. Também foram avaliados dois períodos de incubação (144 e 288 horas) para obtenção da fração indigestível da matéria seca, fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido.Utilizaram-se cinco novilhas da raça Holandesa com peso inicial de aproximadamente 220 kg, distribuídas em quadrado latino 5 × 5 e alojadas em baias individuais cobertas, com piso de concreto e dotadas de comedouros de alvenaria e bebedouros individuais. As dietas experimentais foram à base de palma forrageira, bagaço de cana, farelo de soja, ureia e mistura mineral nas proporções 38,0; 42,0; 18,0; 0,5 e 1,5% na base da matéria seca, respectivamente, com 0; 25; 50; 75 ou 100% de substituição da palma-gigante pela palma-miúda. Os consumos e a digestibilidade de matéria seca, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, nutrientes digestíveis totais, carboidratos totais, carboidratos não-fibrosos e fibra em detergente neutro, não foram afetados pela substituição. A matéria seca indigestível (incubada por 144 horas), a fibra em detergente neutro e a fibra em detergente ácido indigestíveis (incubadas por 288 horas) permitiram estimar a produção de matéria seca fecal e a digestibilidade de matéria seca de maneira semelhante ao método de coleta total de fezes. A palma miúda pode substituir integralmente a palma gigante e a matéria seca indigestível incubada por 144 horas e a fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido indigestíveis incubadas por 288 horas podem ser utilizadas em estudo de digestibilidade com ruminantes.Palavras-chave: consumo, digestibilidade, período de incubação Replacement of giant forage cactus by small forage cactus to growing dairy cattle diets and evaluation of internal markesABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to evaluate the replacement of giant forage cactus (Opuntia ficus indica Mill) by small forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera) in diets for growing cattle on the nutrient intake and digestibility.Two incubation periods were also assessed (144 and 288 hours) to obtain the indigestible fractions of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber. Five Holstein heifers were used, approximately 220 kg initial weight placed in a 5 × 5 Latin square design and housed in individual covered, stalls with concrete floor and equipped with masonry feeders and individual drinkers. The experimental diets were based on forage cactus, sugarcane bagasse, soybean meal, urea and mineral mixture, at the proportion of 38.0, 42.0, 18.0, 0.5 and 1.5%, respectively, on dry matter bases, with 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of replacement of giant forage cactus by small forage cactus. The intakes and digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, total digestible nutrients, total carbohydrates, non-fiber-carbohydrates and neutral detergent fiber were not affected by the replacement. The indigestible dry matter...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the manner in which diet is supplied and spineless cactus forage is processed on intake, nutrient digestibility, milk production and composition, concentration of plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) in the milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and production of microbial protein in Holstein cows in lactation. Eight cows (453 ± 75.8 kg) yielding 14 kg milk/day were allotted to a factorial design, with two manners of cactus processing (knife-chopped or forage machine) and two diet supplies (separate concentrate or total mixed ration). Intakes of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber and total digestible nutrients were lower when cactus was knife-chopped. Digestibility, milk production and fat and protein yield did not change according to the manner diet was supplied neither by forage cactus processing. Average milk production was 14.8 kg/day for knife-chopped cactus and 14.6 kg/day for cactus chopped in forage machine and 14.8 kg/day when cactus was given in separate concentrate and 14.5 kg/day when it was given in total mixed ration. However, fat content was lower (36 g/kg) for knife-chopped cactus fed cows. Purine derivatives and concentrations of N-ureic were not influenced by the manner in which diet was supplied neither by the forage cactus processing. Means observed for efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (98.9 g/kg TDN), PUN concentrations (21.3 mg/dL) and MUN (18.2 mg/dL) were similar for cactus processing and for the manner in which diet was supplied. Forage-machine cactus processing improves dry matter intake and total mixed ration supply avoids selectivity.
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