A study has been performed to analyze the feasibility of predicting in-plane shaft loads (so-called 1P loads) of installed propellers using CFD. The A400M military transport aircraft has been used as case study. The results of the computations are compared to both wind tunnel and flight test data. For the flight test comparison the effect of propeller flexibility has been taken into account by means of a coupled CFD-CSM analysis.
Nomenclature
B 1P= 1P shaft bending moment C B1P = 1P shaft bending moment coefficient = B 1P /( n 2 D 5 )= 1P propeller moment n = propeller rotational speed (rps) = air density
This paper summarizes the investigations performed to evaluate the interference of the wind tunnel walls on the intake flow of a UAV configuration within the framework of Garteur Action Group AG46. Experimental data gathered during a wind tunnel test campaign of the Eikon model -a high-transonic UAV prototype featuring a W-lip, S-shaped intake duct -performed by the Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI) at the T1500 wind tunnel have been compared to CFD calculations simulating the Eikon model within the T1500 wind tunnel. Numerical results have been compared with experimental data in terms of pressure distribution on the model surface and flow field on the engine-intake Aerodynamic Interface Plane. Additionally, numerical calculations simulating the model both within a closed wind tunnel test section and in free-flight conditions have been performed. Interference of closed and ventilated wind tunnel walls has been evaluated by comparing numerical results in free-flight and within the wind tunnel test section with slotted and closed walls. Nomenclature UAV = Unmanned air vehicle CFD = Computational fluid dynamics AIP = Engine-intake aerodynamic interface plane RANS = Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes = Free-stream static pressure , = Free-stream total pressure = Free-stream dynamic pressure = Free-stream static temperature , = Free-stream total temperature = Flow velocity component normal to the wind tunnel wall = Free stream velocity P = Static pressure Cp = Pressure coefficient = EMF = Engine mass flow CEMF = Corrected engine mass flow = , / .!" # , /! !$ " % = Mass flow parameter, ratio of upstream capture area to intake highlight area WT = Wind tunnel L = Intake duct length CDI = Circumferential distortion index (Eq. (3)) RDI = Radial distortion index (Eq. (4))
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