BackgroundCanine transmissible venereal tumors (CTVTs) generally have different cytomorphologic subtypes and phases of progression. Some tumors have variable biologic behavior including a progressive increase in tumor aggressiveness and variable responses to chemotherapy. This behavior is partially due to high p‐glycoprotein expression by tumor cells, which leads to the expulsion of chemotherapeutic drugs. Other possible causes include changes in pro‐ and anti‐apoptotic genes from the BCL‐2 family and DNA repair systems, which are associated with the p53 gene family.ObjectivesWe aimed to determine the relative expression of the multi‐drug resistance 1 (MDR1), p53, b‐cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), and bcl 2‐associated X (BAX) genes in CTVT before and after therapy and establish a relationship with treatment responses, cytomorphologic patterns, and tumor progression identified with histopathology.MethodsRT‐qPCR was performed on 21 CTVT tumor samples before and after initiating chemotherapy to determine specific gene expression. Normal canine testicular tissue was used as a negative control for all experiments.ResultsMDR1 expression was decreased before and after initiating vincristine therapy in CTVT tumor tissues compared with normal canine testicular tissue; p53 and BAX were overexpressed at both time points compared with normal tissue, and no statistical differences were seen between the different morphologic types. However, BAX expression was decreased in the group with quick therapeutic responses but was still overexpressed compared with normal testicular tissue. In the group with the slowest chemotherapeutic responses, BCL2 was overexpressed.ConclusionThe findings of this study showed a relative increase in MDR1 gene expression in response to chemotherapy and higher expression in plasmacytoid CTVTs compared with the other cytomorphologic patterns. BCL2 overexpression was related to a favorable prognosis, and p53, BAX, and BCL2 were expressed independent of the cytomorphologic CTVT type. All of the genes were expressed independent of tumor progression, as noted on histopathology.
RESUMENObjetivo. Identificar el virus de la rabia en casos de encefalitis bovina a partir de muestras archivadas en el laboratorio sin diagnóstico conclusivo. Materiales y métodos. Doce muestras de cerebro bovino sospechosas de rabia, fueron procesadas por la técnica de inmunoperoxidasa indirecta, usando anticuerpos policlonales contra el agente viral. Resultados. Se demostró la presencia de antígenos virales en tres casos en forma de agregados pequeños en el citoplasma de las neuronas, con un patrón de forma redonda u oval y un número variable de corpúsculos de inclusión viral. Se discute sobre la importancia de los resultados en Colombia, la utilidad de la técnica en las difíciles condiciones de envío de muestras al laboratorio, además la posible relación de los casos negativos con herpesvirus bovino 5. Conclusiones. La utilización de la técnica de inmunohistoquímica para demostrar antígenos del virus rábico en encéfalos bovinos fijados en formol, puede ayudar en el perfeccionamiento del mapa epidemiológico de la enfermedad de la rabia en Colombia y puede disminuir el alto subdiagnóstico de otras enfermedades que afectan el sistema nervioso de los bovinos.Palabras clave: Encefalitis, infecciones, virus de la rabia (Fuente:CAB). ABSTRACTObjective. Identify the rabies virus in cases of nervous disease archived in the laboratory with diagnosis of nonspecific encephalitis. Materials and methods. Twelve samples of bovine brain suspected of rabies, were processed by indirect immunoperoxidase technique using polyclonal antibodies against the viral agent. Results. Was demonstrated the presence of viral antigens in three cases in the form of small aggregates in the cytoplasm of neurons, with a pattern of round or oval and a variable number of viral inclusion bodies. We discussed the importance of the results in Colombia, COMUNICACIÓN BREVERev.MVZ Córdoba 17(2): 3065-3070, 2012.
Background: Several animal models, including dogs, have been useful to compare the pathogenesis of mammary neoplasm in humans, showing biological parallelism in the growth and development of breast cancer. The causes of cancer could be attributed to change in several tumor suppressor genes. The relationship between molecule associated to senescence and clinical prognosis of patients affected by mammary cancer is little known. Beyond a collection of data, the major interest of the present study was to carry out a clinical follow-up of patients affected by these tumors, through association with new molecular markers by immunohistochemical technic. Upon completing the study, 15 patients survived, while 45 died. In the case of malignant neoplasms, 40 patients died because of the illness. The type of surgery most used by veterinarian surgeons was the simple lumpectomy, followed by the regional mastectomy. Sentinel node was removed by surgery only when clearly affected. Result: Markings against steroid hormones were positive. Regarding the markings against HER2 and Ki-67, they were negative in all cases. The markings against P53 and CD31 were all positives. Markings against molecules associated with cellular senescence were all positives. No statistical differences were found in immunomarcation for the different antigens used as clinical prognosis factors in mammary neoplasms. Conclusions: According F. to the study conditions, the survival of patients affected by breast tumors is directly related to diagnosis and malignancy histological grade, but not to animal breed, number of affected glands or patient reproductive status. On the other hand, immunohistochemical markings were not related to the patient prognosis. For this reason, it is important to highlight the persistance of a high percentage of mammary neoplasm cases clinically diagnosed with poor results on patient survival. Thus, educating owners and veterinarians for using diagnostic available tools to improve the prognosis after surgical animals affected by breast cancer is quite necessary.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.