Ecological indicators of habitat and biodiversity in a Neotropical landscape: multitaxonomic perspective. The use of indicator species to characterize specific ecological areas is of high importance in conservation/restoration biology. The objective of this study was to identify indicator species of diverse taxa that characterize different landscape units, and to better understand how management alters species composition. We identified two ecomosaics, tropical rain forest and the agricultural matrix, each one comprised of four landscape units. The taxonomic groups studied included birds (highly mobile), butterflies (moderately mobile), terrestrial gastropods (less mobile) and trees (sessile). Sampling efficiency for both ecomosaics was ≥86%. We found 50 mollusks, 74 butterflies, 218 birds and 172 tree species, for a total of 514 species. Using ordination and cluster analysis, we distinguished three habitat types in the landscape: tropical rainforest, secondary vegetation and pastures with scattered trees and live fences. The InVal (≥50%) method identified 107 indicator species, including 45 tree species, 38 birds, 14 butterflies and 10 gastropods. Of these, 35 trees, 10 birds, four butterflies and eight gastropods were forest indicators. Additionally, 10, 28, 10 and two species, respectively per group, were characteristic of the agricultural matrix. Our results revealed a pattern of diversity decrease of indicator species along the rainforest-secondary forest-pasture gradient. in the forest, the gastropods Carychium exiguum, Coelocentrum turris, Glyphyalinia aff. indentata y Helicina oweniana were significantly correlated (p<0.05) with 90% of the other groups of flora and fauna indicator species. These findings suggest that gastropods may be good indicators of forest habitat quality and biodiversity. The secondary vegetation is an intermediate disturbance phase that fosters high diversity in the agricultural matrix. We exemplify a multitaxa approach, including mesofauna, for ecological monitoring of agricultural landscapes.
. 2009. Distribución y abundancia de Melanoides tuberculata (Gastropoda: Thiaridae) en la Reserva de la Biosfera Pantanos de Centla, Tabasco, México. Acta Zool. Mex. (n. s.) 25(1):93-104. RESUMEN. Se estudió la distribución y abundancia de Melanoides tuberculata en la Reserva de la Biosfera Pantanos de Centla. Los muestreos se realizaron en 19 lagunas distribuidas en el interior de la Reserva durante la época de lluvias (septiembre y octubre 2003) y en la época de estiaje (abril y mayo 2004). Para conocer el patrón de distribución espacial se utilizaron índices de agregación: Índice de Morisita (Iδ) y Parámetro k. Se encontró la presencia de esta especie en 18 de las lagunas muestreadas. Se recolectaron 13,597 individuos. La mayor abundancia se presentó en la época de lluvias (8,364 individuos). Las poblaciones en cada laguna presentaron un patrón de distribución espacial agregado. Durante la época de lluvias se encontró una correlación inversa entre la abundancia y demanda química de oxígeno y directa con nitratos, y en la de estiaje inversa entre la abundancia y salinidad y directa con nitratos, nitritos y potencial de hidrógeno. Palabras Clave: Melanoides tuberculata, Thiaridae, Gastropoda, lagunas, distribución espacial, abundancia. We used the variance: Morisita's Index (Iδ) and the k parameter to estimate the distribution pattern space aggregation index. We registered the species 18 lagoons. A total of 13,597 individuals were collected, the greater abundance appeared during the rainy season (8,364 individuals). All populations presented an aggregated spatial distribution pattern. Abundance was inversely correlated with chemical oxygen demand and directly correlated with nitrates during the rainy season. During the dry season, abundance was inversely correlated with salinity and directly with nitrates, nitrites and pH. Albarran
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