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1 Farmacéutico. Magister Scientiae Salud Pública. Universidad de Costa Rica. Docente en la Facultad de Farmacia. Correo electrónico: luis.jimenezherrera@ucr.ac.cr IntroducciónLa universidad se concibe como un espacio académico social, donde ocurren diversas interacciones, en los lugares establecidos para tal efecto. Los estudiantes ingresan para aprovechar las oportunidades de mejora en diversas dimensiones de sus vidas, tanto desde el punto de vista personal como profesional, en un presente inmediato o con miras al futuro cercano o de largo plazo (Stratton, O'Toole, Wetzel;2007). Por diversas razones, algunos estudiantes optan o son forzados de alguna manera directa o indirecta a suspender temporal o definitivamente esta coyuntura, lo cual entorpece el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje y los fines para los cuales ingresaron al sistema educativo superior (Acosta, 2009, p. 56); con resultados no deseados para estas personas, la institución y la sociedad en general.Durante el periodo en que los estudiantes permanecen en el espacio universitario, pueden experimentar una o varias fases de un fenómeno Those students who enter college, most of them, expect to improve in life, though; they may experience an incident of delay studies, a drop out feeling and a desire to leave college. In this paper, the theoretical framework of Holland, Vincent Tinto, Bean and Metzner, Levy-Garboua, psycho, structuralism, sociological and econometric theoretical outlines to analyze survival college skills on hypothetical reflections based on information collected from the databases of the University of Costa Rica. On the other hand, biopsychosocial, economic, cultural, demographic, family, and academic university environment causes to drop out school. This phenomenon can be studied by quantitative, qualitative and mixed approach, using tools such as questionnaire college persistence (CPU), the questionnaire college dropout (CADEU) and motivated learning strategies (MSLQ). There are factors from all participants, before and during college, intrinsic or extrinsic, both positive and negative period; students, college and the educational system in general to minimize the harmful impact of this phenomenon.Los estudiantes ingresan a la universidad buscando escalar socialmente; pero, pueden experimentar un fenómeno compuesto primordialmente por la repetición de cursos, la prolongación de los estudios, el abandono y la deserción. En este ensayo se exponen reflexiones teóricas surgidas del análisis de artículos obtenidos de las bases de datos de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Se mencionan los modelos teóricos explicativos de Holland, Vincent Tinto, Bean y Metzner, Levy-Garboua, el psicopedagógico, estructuralista, sociológico y los que permiten los análisis econométricos de supervivencia. Se concibe que existen causas provenientes de todos los actores involucrados, previas y durante el periodo universitario, intrínsecos o extrínsecos, tanto positivos como negativos; a las personas, a la universidad y al sistema educativo en general.
To elaborate the pediatric medicines the specifics of this population must be considered. Powder papers as extemporaneous formulations may be an option to provide dosing flexibility. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the quality of powder papers in its manual preparation stages and during the 60 days of storage. The results shown that a smaller than expected mass of tablets was distributed for the 40 papers at each formulation. The precision in the distribution performed by the crushed and pulverized tablet preparatory assistant reflected relative standard deviations ranging from 9 to 15%. On the start day, the uniformity of mass showed an inaccuracy reflected in several values outside the expected range, for all formulations. The accuracy of the tablets powder mass during storage at 60 days showed a ±10% of difference respect basal mass for papers with spironolactone 6,25 mg and the 15 and 75 mg amiodarone hydrochloride papers. For 10 mg of amiodarone hydrochloride formulation, random errors occurred outside the expected ranges at two sampling times. Powder adherence percentage was between the 10 and 20%. In conclusion, the preparation of four formulations in powder paper showed some errors which resulted in a significant loss of dose. A standardized operating procedure for the preparation of powder papers should be available taking into account the risk points of the manufacturing processes. It is advisable to enable the galenical section in hospital pharmacies and to have legislation regulating extemporaneous formulations in Costa Rica.
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