The objective of the present study was to assess cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) as a diagnostic method for determination of gingival thickness (GT) and distance between gingival margin and vestibular (GMBC-V) and interproximal bone crests (GMBC-I). GT and GMBC-V were measured in 348 teeth and GMBC-I was measured in 377 tooth regions of 29 patients with gummy smile. GT was assessed using transgingival probing (TP), ultrasound (US), and CBCT, whereas GMBC-V and GMBC-I were assessed by transsurgical clinical evaluation (TCE) and CBCT. Statistical analyses used independent t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and simple linear regression. Difference was observed for GT: between TP, CBCT, and US considering all teeth; between TP and CBCT and between TP and US in incisors and canines; between TP and US in premolars and first molars. TP presented the highest means for GT. Positive correlation and linear regression were observed between TP and CBCT, TP and US, and CBCT and US. Difference was observed for GMBC-V and GMBC-I using TCE and CBCT, considering all teeth. Correlation and linear regression results were significant for GMBC-V and GMBC-I in incisors, canines, and premolars. CBCT is an effective diagnostic method to visualize and measure GT, GMBC-V, and GMBC-I.
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of selected bacterial species
in intraoral sites of patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) using multiplex
polymerase chain reaction (PCR).MethodologySamples were collected from the tongue dorsum, buccal mucosa, supragingival and
subgingival plaque and saliva of 30 patients with untreated CP. Multiplex PCR was
used to determine prevalence rates, which were then compared using a chi-square
test. Significance level was set at p<0.05. Mean and standard deviation values
were used to evaluate variations in prevalence according to site.ResultsThe prevalence of S. mutans was 70% in saliva; 60% in samples
collected from the tongue dorsum; 50% in samples collected from the buccal mucosa;
56.5% in the supragingival plaque; and 53.5% in the subgingival plaque. The
prevalence of E. faecalis ranged from 3.5% to 13.5% in all
intraoral microenvironment. The highest prevalence of P. gingivalis
was found in subgingival plaque (53.5%), and of P. intermedia
in supragingival plaque (33.5%), subgingival plaque (30%) and tongue
dorsum (33.5%). The prevalence of bacteria did not vary significantly among the
intraoral sites.ConclusionsAll studied bacteria were identified in intraoral sites. S. mutans, P.
gingivalis and P. intermedia had high prevalence
rates, but the prevalence of E. faecalis was low. Multiplex PCR
proved to be an adequate method for epidemiological studies.
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