Objective Salivary gland ultrasound (SGU) is a reliable technique for assessing the salivary glands in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between SGU findings and autoimmunity in patients with pSS. Methods Patients with pSS underwent an SGU assessment. The patients were classified into three groups according to their autoimmunity profile: the complete positive group (positive rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibodies, and anti-Ro/anti-La antibodies), the partial seropositive group (positivity of at least one autoantibody but not all), and the seronegative group. Results In total, 93 patients were evaluated. Eighty-six (92.5%) were female, and their median age was 49.5 years. The median disease duration was 12.3 years. Pathological SGU findings were present in 32 (34.4%) patients [25 of 36 (78.1%) in the complete positive group and 7 of 44 (21.9%) in the partial positive group]. Patients with pathological SGU findings had a shorter disease duration and slightly higher European League Against Rheumatism Sjögren's syndrome disease activity index. Conclusions The autoimmunity profile and pathological SGU findings are strongly associated with each other in patients with pSS. However, the disease duration does not seem to be related to pathological SGU findings.
Background:
Dyslipidemias have increased during the last decades in children.
Aim:
The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of different polymorphisms in plasma triglyceride levels of children following a dietary treatment with plant sterols.
Design:
A randomized, double-blind, crossover, controlled clinical trial was carried out in 26 children (16 women).
Materials and Methods:
Commercial milk, with 2.24 g sterols, was ingested daily during 3 weeks , and the same amount of kimmed milk without sterols, during the 3 week placebo phase. Both phases were separated by a washout period of 2 weeks. At the beginning and end of each phase, blood draws were performed.
Results:
Apolipoprotein A5 Ser19Trp (
P
= 0.002), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha L162V (
P
= 0.003), APOE APOE2/3/4 (
P
= 0.012), and APOE APOE2,3,4 (
P
= 0.025) show statistically significant differences between their haplotypes in plasma triglyceride levels. Other genes did not show statistically significant differences.
Conclusions:
Further studies are needed to establish which genotype combinations would be the most protective against hypertriglyceridemia.
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