Blasting is one of the most important stages in the productive process of a mine due to its direct impact on rock fragmentation, which determines the degree of productivity of operations and the extraction costs generated. In this scenario, an optimized methodology is presented for designing blasting meshes by using mathematical models that help calculate the geometric parameters of a blasting mesh, such as burden, considering the variables of the rock mass and the type of explosive to measure its impact on rock fragmentation and loading productivity (tons/hour). The main advantage of this method is the reliability of the design, which takes into account a greater number of variables that influence fragmentation and uses the principle of distribution and amount of energy in an optimal way. The results obtained in the case of application show that a change in design (2.7 x 2.7 square mesh to 2.2 x 2.5 triangular mesh) reduces P80 by 65%, from 17 to 6 inches, approximately. Additionally, the results show that greater operational efficiency was achieved by increasing excavator productivity by approximately 15.6%.
In the drilling and blasting process many problems are generated before, during and after the blasting, in this investigation an analysis of this process is done in order to identify the problems that cause excess damage to the periphery of the area excavation After the mentioned study, the cracks are determined as one of the basic problems generated in the process described. The present investigation makes an analysis of the controllable and non-controllable parameters to elaborate with them a mathematical model of crack prediction, it will finally be possible to quantify these parameters in mathematical formulas to generate new values such as the calculation of the new Burden in order to decrease or mitigate The main problem is excessive damage zone and thus instability in our work.
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