The article is devoted to the analysis of violations of the dynamic and temporary registration of statements for preschoolers with minimal dysarthric disorders. The results were received in the process experimental-phonetic research, involving identifying the features of these components of intonation by comparing graphs of the relative duration and intensity of sounds in children with normal speech development and with various forms of minimal dysarthric disorders. There are described the results of the experiment which is characterized the manifestations and mechanisms of violations in dynamic and temporary registration of statements in children with this type of speech dysontogenesis. There is analyzed the qualitatively heterogeneous and the variable nature of violations in the usage of phonetic level units of the language sound system (duration and intensity) by children with minimal dysarthric disorders. There is characterized the connection between the violations of dynamic and temporary registration and communicative type of statement.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the spectrographic characteristics of defective sounds pronunciation in children with minimal dysarthric disorders (mild dysarthria). These characteristics were obtained in the process of an experimental-phonetic study. It involved the study of the nature of changes that occur during the transition from one sound to another and also during the pronunciation of a single sound. The article presents the results of the experiment carried out on the basis of a qualitative analysis of dynamic spectrograms of syllables; describes the most permanent signs characterizing the defective sounds pronunciation in syllables of various structures (open, closed). The nature of the mutual influences of sounds in various structures of syllables is revealed. Comparative data were obtained for the acoustic (formant) proximity of various variants of defective pronunciation to the sound standard in children with minimal dysarthric disorders. The contextual phonetic influences at the level of syllables are determined, taking into account the acoustic characteristics of sounds and their defective variants.
The article is devoted to the analysis of violations of various types of conceptual reading (scanning, reading for gist, reading for detail comprehension) in pupils with the delay of mental development (DMD). The analysis is based on the cognitive-activity approach, which allows us to consider the mechanism of understanding the text message not only as a language process, but also as a speech-thinking process, which has its own goals, means and technology. The article describes the results of the research that characterizes the manifestations and cognitive mechanisms of conceptual reading violations in pupils with specified type of dysontogenesis. There are analyzed the variable nature of the difficulties of using different strategies for processing text information in children with the delay of mental development in accordance with the communicative and cognitive task. There is characterized the connection between the violations of different types of conceptual reading in pupils with DMD and the features of the processes of goal formation, cognitive instruction.
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