In CD patients, SIBO is a highly prevalent condition. Stricturing phenotype and increased FCC were strongly and independently associated with the presence of SIBO. SIBO diagnostic work-up followed by directed treatment is recommended in CD patients who present stricturing disease, especially in those with concurrent intestinal inflammation.
Transtracheal puncture has long been known as a safe, low-cost procedure. However,
with the advent of bronchoscopy, it has largely been forgotten. Two researchers have
suggested the use of α-amylase activity to diagnose salivary aspiration, but the
normal values of this enzyme in tracheobronchial secretions are unknown. We aimed to
define the normal values of α-amylase activity in tracheobronchial secretions and
verify the rate of major complications of transtracheal puncture. From October 2009
to June 2011, we prospectively evaluated 118 patients without clinical or
radiological signs of salivary aspiration who underwent transtracheal puncture before
bronchoscopy. The patients were sedated with a solution of lidocaine and diazepam
until they reached a Ramsay sedation score of 2 or 3. We then cleaned the cervical
region and anesthetized the superficial planes with lidocaine. Next, we injected 10
mL of 2% lidocaine into the tracheobronchial tree. Finally, we injected 10 mL of
normal saline into the tracheobronchial tree and immediately aspirated the saline
with maximum vacuum pressure to collect samples for measurement of the α-amylase
level. The α-amylase level mean ± SE, median, and range were 1914 ± 240, 1056, and
24-10,000 IU/L, respectively. No major complications (peripheral desaturation,
subcutaneous emphysema, cardiac arrhythmia, or hemoptysis) occurred among 118
patients who underwent this procedure. Transtracheal aspiration is a safe, low-cost
procedure. We herein define for the first time the normal α-amylase levels in the
tracheobronchial secretions of humans.
Objective: To analyze the implementation of the National Improved Access and Quality Program according to Primary Health Care managers. Methods: The thematic oral history was used, through semistructured interviews with five managers from Primary Health Care Services who participated actively in the two cycles of the Program in an administrative district of São Paulo City. The subjects answered the question "How do you assess the implementation process of the National Improved Access and Quality Program at this Primary Health Care Service?", among others. The analysis of the testimonies revealed the categories "The managers' perception of the implementation of the National Improved Access and Quality Program" and "Changes in the work processes since the implementation of the National Improved Access and Quality Program". Results: The managers acknowledged the Program as a well-structured proposal, which permits a broader management view on the health services. The interviewees evidenced the use of the quality indicators, which was hardly addressed and understood in the managers and teams' daily reality though. The interviewees demonstrated that they do not understand the concepts of continuing education and institutional support. The external evaluation phase was considered subjective and without standardization, producing data that did not contribute to the assessment of the changes the teams made. Conclusion: The systematic incorporation process of the assessment culture to support the continuing quality improvement in Primary Health Care is incipient. Despite the continuing distance between the proposals of Primary Health Care and the practice at the Primary Health Care services studied, the Program favored the organization of the work processes and contributed to the managers' focus on the teams' practice and their own activities.
ResumoObjetivo: Analisar a implementação do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade segundo gerentes de Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Métodos: Utilizou-se a história oral temática, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco gerentes de Unidades Básicas de Saúde que participaram ativamente dos dois ciclos do Programa em um distrito administrativo do município de São Paulo. Os sujeitos responderam, dentre outras, à questão "Como você avalia o processo de implementação do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade nesta Unidade Básica de Saúde?" e da análise dos depoimentos emergiram as categorias "Percepção dos gestores quanto à implementação do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade" e "Mudanças nos processos de trabalho a partir da implementação do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade". Resultados: Os gerentes reconheceram o Programa como uma proposta bem estruturada, que permite ampliar a visão gerencial nos serviços de saúde. O uso dos indicadores de qualidade foi evidenciado pelos entrevistados, mas pouco trabalhado e compreendido no cotidiano dos gestores e equipes. Os entrevistados demonstraram não compr...
Most experienced endoscopists limit diet to NPO/clear liquids after ERCP for patients at high or moderate risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis. About half allow a low-fat or regular diet in patients at low risk.
RESUMO Objetivo analisar os processos de trabalho decorrentes do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica, segundo profissionais da Atenção Básica atuantes na assistência e em diferentes níveis de gestão. Método estudo de caso único e descritivo, com 18 profissionais da assistência e gestão no município de São Paulo, no ano de 2017; uso da história oral temática como técnica de coleta de dados, categorização e análise a partir da tríade avaliativa de Donabedian. Resultados observou-se fragmentação entre assistência e gestão ao se implementar o Programa, influência de características organizacionais e institucionais, percepção de implantação normativa, necessidade de revisar a remuneração de desempenho. O Programa foi norteador para o uso no Planejamento e mobilizou a reflexão sobre a aplicabilidade dos resultados da avaliação e de indicadores. Conclusão e implicações para a prática o estudo revelou predomínio de percepções sobre estrutura e processo, e maior necessidade de reflexão sobre o impacto de programas de qualidade no cuidado e resultados de saúde do usuário.
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