The paper addresses corporate environmental policy concentrating on the current relationship of business activities towards environmental management in the Czech Republic. The pressure to adopt environmentally responsible behaviors motivates companies to initiate ecological practices, such as environmental and energy management systems, green balanced scorecard or green supply chain management. The efforts beyond the legislative requirements that are justified by potential cost reduction together with need for risk-based thinking, support investments into sustainable projects. This paper attempts to provide an in-depth view of the current enterprise practices and behavior in environmental management within the selected industrial sector in the Czech Republic region. Based on the mix of qualitative and quantitative approaches, the authors carried out structured in-depth interviews combined with a questionnaire survey with the aim to analyse the Czech environmental policy practices. A sample of 247 medium and large-sized Czech manufacturing companies was used for the survey. Three levels of environmental management system were identified: legal, basic and mature. The findings underscore the critical role of the management strategy approach and stakeholder requirements´ monitoring. The research revealed that an important atribute in environmental activies in business area is the ownership structure. The foreign ownership has positive impact on the level of environmental management system adoption. The study makes practical contribution in that it explains the mature environmental management system concept and shows a possible path in the environmental behavior to companies not meeting the requirements of the mature system. The authors highlight also the need for awareness raising of business owners and top management to increase their interest in being more involved in environmental activities.

The presented paper deals with the influence of coloring additives and the setting of process parameters of 3D printing on the mechanical and surface properties of samples made of PLA material. The paper characterizes the process of filament production, as well as the printing of normalized samples on a 3D printer using the additive method Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). The effect of 3 types of coloring additives is evaluated on the basis of tensile test, hardness test and surface analysis. The evaluated quantities are especially loading force, yield stress, hardness, surface texture, roughness and waviness. The influence of the percentage of sample filling with respect to the mechanical properties of the material is also evaluated. The paper is completed assessing achievements of the results achieved and an overall recommendation for filament manufacturers and users of 3D printers.

The presented article deals with the determination of selected mechanical properties of additive materials used for 3D printing (PETG, PLA, ABS, ABS +, PLA ESD, ASA, PC / ABS). Due to the fact that 3D printing has exploded over recent years and additive manufacturing has become popular in some industries, the quality of input materials and their mechanical properties is extremely important. We used 3D printer Original Prusa MK3 to prepare samples for testing. Individual samples printed from all above mentioned materials were analyzed using selected mechanical tests (static tensile test, hardness tests). In the static tensile test, selected parameters (tensile strength limit, tensile modulus, elongation) were determined for all additive samples, which were statistically processed. The parameters for two methods of measuring hardness were also statistically evaluated, namely Shore and ball indentation. All tested additive materials were compared with the aim of obtaining the final ranking (point evaluation of tested materials with quantification of price costs). The best properties after the performed tests were achieved by the additive material PLA Filament Plasty Mladeč. Aditive manufacturing 3D printing Fused filament fabrication Mechanical properties Tensile test Hardness tests

The surface created by machining significantly affects the service life and functional reliability of the component. As part of this study, four different chip machining technologies were evaluated on the surface texture of the polymer material Ertacetal C. The samples were processed by turning, milling, grinding and polishing technologies, 5 samples for each technology. Within the given technology, different cutting conditions were chosen to compare the effect of cutting conditions on the resulting surface roughness. The machined surfaces were comprehensively evaluated on the basis of 16 profile and surface roughness parameters due to the practical use of the tested material. Surface texture measurements were performed on a Talysurf CCI Lite device. A non-contact method using a coherence correlation interferometer was used for the measurement. The obtained data were evaluated using TalyMap Platinum software. Graphical documentation of the machined surfaces was made using an Olympus DSX500 opto-digital metallographic microscope. Machining

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Digital twin technology has become one of the key directions of intelligent manufacturing with a strong relationship to product lifecycle management. It contributes to increasing efficiency and flexibility in solving highly complex problems in constantly changing conditions. However, many circumstances make the real implementation of effective scenarios generated by simulation software tools difficult. One of them are rigid working schedules that complicate flexible human resources planning in accordance with optimal production and logistics plans. This article aims to examine the role of the digital factory twin in advanced human resources planning. Using the case study method, a solution for better coordination of internal logistics processes and utilization of logistics staff based on discrete-event simulation is presented. Several scenarios were tested and results showed the inevitability of using flexible working schedules for maximum utilization of logistics staff. The purpose of this study is not only to show one special case of one company, but to emphasize the potential of these software tools to achieve long-term synergies in coordinating logistics, production and human resources management activities. As a result of this study, an extended physical-digitalphysical loop model is presented. This extension consists in adding the second loop including communication with HR portal.

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This paper is focused on current approaches to the environmental behavior of large and medium-sized Czech manufacturing Companies, in relation to the control of environmental aspects through the whole product life cycle and the management of environmental risks in individual phases of product life cycle. This work addresses environmental aspects of product life cycle including design, manufacturing and selected logistics activities, specifically solution for environmental risk management and levels of environmental system considering environmental activities in manufacturing companies. Based on the qualitative and quantitative research performed through the structured interviews combined with questionnaire survey, authors provide an analysis of the actual insight into managing environmental risks and aspects through the whole product life cycle in Czech manufacturing companies. Results are considered also from the viewpoint of individual elements of environmental system and relation of environmental activities to the country's legislative requirements and other system standards across the business environment. Based on the research activities, the authors found out that the final customer is the most important stakeholder influencing risk management in the individual phases of the product life cycle. Further research steps will be directed towards the comparative study of the environmental performance of medium and large manufacturing companies in other countries. Practical use of research results is focused especially on the new agreement of the environmental requirements with customers throughout the whole logistics chain.