Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum. This study reports 3 cases of syphilis and highlights the importance of identifying oral lesions for its final diagnosis. Case 1: a 48-year-old male patient presented with a bleeding ulcer in the lower lip. Overall clinical examination revealed patchy alopecia and skin target lesions. Case 2: a 61-year-old male patient presented with white spots on the lateral tongue and nodules on the dorsum of the tongue. Overall clinical examination showed erythematous target lesions on the abdomen, forearm, palms of the hand, and soles of the feet. Case 3: a 17-year-old male patient presented with an ulcerated lesion on the tongue and lymph node involvement. The following serologic tests were requested: Venereal Disease Research Laboratory, fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption, anti-HIV-1 and anti-HIV-2, and anti-hepatitis C virus. An incisional biopsy revealed epithelial hyperplasia associated with intense and diffuse mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration consisting mainly of plasma cells, in a perivascular and perineural distribution. The final diagnosis in the 3 patients was syphilis. Treatment consisted of 1 weekly dose of penicillin (2.4 million units, intramuscular) for 2 or 3 weeks. Immunohistochemical reactions for XIIIa, CD3, CD20, CD68, CD163, S100, CD1a, CD11c, CD83, CD138, and CD208 were performed. Clinicians should be familiarized with oral syphilis lesions in order to be able to diagnose this emerging infectious disease of variable clinical presentation.

High-grade lip SCC in advanced stages is associated with a poor prognosis. The BD model is a simple and effective tool for the prognostic evaluation of lip SCC.

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Results suggest the involvement of M2-polarized macrophages in the MNTI pathogenesis, which may act by modulating tumor growth and/or tumor stromal remodeling.

Background: Chronic exposure to UVB radiation can cause hypermethylation and silencing of the tumor suppressor gene RASSF-1A. The protein encoded by this gene has multiple important functions in cell cycle control. Objective: to investigate the clinical significance of the methylation profile of RASSF-1A and of its protein expression in lower lip squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Methods: The demographic and clinical-pathological data of 87 patients with a confirmed diagnosis were collected from the medical records. DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue samples and treated with sodium bisulfite. 2ug of treated and intact DNA was submitted to PCR amplification using a specific primer targeting the RASSF-1A promoter segments 1 and 2. RASSF1A methylation was investigated by pyrosequencing; the complementary strand was synthesized automatically and the signal emitted during the reaction was detected with a camera and transformed into peaks on a pyrogram. Results: Lower lip SCC was more frequent in men than women, with a proportion of 2.4:1. The mean patient age was 63.3 years. Lymph node involvement was absent (N0) in 73 (83.1%) of cases and present (N+) in 14 (16.1%). In group N0, most patients (n = 49, 67.1%) were in an early clinical stage (CS I and II). Analysis of the methylation of RASSF1A_01 was possible in 29 of the SCC cases. Hypermethylation was observed in 15 (51.7%) cases, one (3.4%) of them being associated with metastasis to regional lymph nodes. Analysis of RASSF1A_02 was possible in 20 cases and hypermethylation was observed in only 9 (45.0%). No significant correlation was found between the clinical-pathological parameters (age, gender, clinical stage) and aberrant methylation of the promoter region studied (p>0.05). Conclusions: Hypermethylation of the two RASSF-1A segments studied was observed in approximately 50% of SCC cases, but was not correlated to clinicopathologic parameters. Citation Format: Estela Kaminagakura, Cláudia Coutinho-Camillo, Luciana Strieder, Danyel Perez, Fernando Soares, Kátia Oliveira, Luiz Paulo Kowalski. RASSF- 1A methylation in squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip using pyrosequencing technique. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1065. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1065

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Cystic odontoma is a rare entity, which is characterized by the association of a cyst with complex/compound odontoma. The aim of this study was to report the case of a 5-year-old male patient diagnosed previously with Hodgkin's lymphoma and treated successfully with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, who developed a mandibular odontogenic lesion. Physical examination revealed a swelling on the right side of the mandible. Radiographically, a well-defined radiolucent area surrounded by radiopaque material was observed. An incisional biopsy was performed and microscopic analysis showed a cystic lesion consisting of an atrophic epithelium comprising 2-3 cell layers and the absence of inflammation in the cystic capsule. The cyst was decompressed and the lesion was removed after 3 months of follow-up. Microscopic analysis of the surgical specimen showed a cystic hyperplastic epithelium surrounded by an intense chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate, which was in close contact with mineralized tissue resembling dentin and cementum. The final diagnosis was cystic odontoma. Since chemotherapy can affect the growth and development of infant teeth, a relationship between chemotherapy-associated adverse events and cystic odontoma is suggested in the present case.