RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o teor de sólidos solúveis e medir a acidez total e o pH de grãos crus e torrados de oito cultivares mais plantadas na região Sul de Minas Gerais, assim como verificar a influência da torração nestes parâmetros. Para tal, frutos das cultivares Mundo Novo, Topázio, Catuaí Vermelho, Catuaí Amarelo, Acaiá Cerrado, Rubi, Icatu Amarelo e Icatu Amarelo foram colhidos na Fazenda Experimental de São Sebastião do Paraíso, da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG), em Minas Gerais -Brasil. Os frutos foram secos com todas as partes dando origem ao café conhecido como natural. Os grãos torrados foram obtidos por torração clara, determinada visualmente. A análise dos resultados obtidos permitiu observar diferenças para o teor de sólidos solúveis e o pH dos grãos crus e torrados. As cultivares Icatu Amarelo (H 2944) e Acaiá Cerrado apresentaram maiores valores do pH nos grãos crus e os menores nos grãos torrados. Os teores de sólidos solúveis foram maiores nos grãos torrados das cultivares Mundo Novo e Rubi, os menores valores observados para o grão cru foi nas cultivares Topázio e Rubi. A acidez total apresentou diferenças apenas nos grãos torrados. Houve um aumento da acidez com a torração, e redução nos valores de pH e sólidos solúveis, que se mostraram variáveis entre as cultivares. Observou-se que as cultivares apresentam diferenças na composição química, e que ocorrem variações distintas desta composição com o processo de torração.café; cultivares; torração; sólidos solúveis; acidez; pH. Palavras-chave: SUMMARY BROMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN RAW AND TOASTED GRAINS OF CULTIVARS OF COFFEE (L.). The object of this present work was to determine the levels of soluble solids, total acidity and pH in raw and roasted grains of eight cultivars most commonly cultivated in the South of Minas Gerais, and determine the influence of roasting on these parameters. Fruits of Mundo Novo, Topázio, Catuaí Vermelho, Catuaí Amarelo, Acaiá Cerrado, Rubi, Icatu Amarelo and Icatu Amarelo were collected in Fazenda Experimental de São Sebastião do Paraíso da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais. The fruits were dry with all the parts creating the known coffee as natural. The toasted grains were obtained by clear roasted, determined visually. The analysis of the results allowed to observe differences in the levels of soluble solids and pH for all the variable studied, in raw and toasted grains. Both cultivars Icatu Amarelo (H 2944) and Acaiá Cerrado presented larger values of the pH in the raw grains and the smallest ones in the toasted grains. The levels of soluble solids were larger in the toasted grains of the cultivars Mundo Novo and Rubi, the smallest values observed for the raw grain were in cultivars Topázio and Rubi. The total acidity showed differences only in toasted grains. There was an increase in the total acidity with the roasting, and reduction in pH values and soluble solids, which showed variation among all cultivars. It was observed that cultivars present...
resumoA indústria de sucos utiliza apenas de 40% a 50% dos frutos, sendo o restante considerado resíduo industrial. Estes resíduos apresentam-se ricos em alguns componentes como pectina, vitamina C e fibras dietárias que o tornam matéria-prima para a indústria alimentícia, farmacêutica e de rações. Visando o aproveitamento dos resíduos industriais do limão Tahiti para tais fins, caracterizouse a composição centesimal, os teores de fibras, de pectina e de vitamina C presentes nas frações flavedo, albedo e bagaço do fruto. A partir da avaliação dos dados pelo teste de Scott Knott 5% de probabilidade, observou-se que os teores de cinzas, pectina, proteína, vitamina C e fibra bruta foram diferentes no flavedo, albedo e bagaço. O resíduo industrial do limão Tahiti tem um grande potencial para uso em formulação de rações para animais, dada a sua composição química, assim como poderá ser usado para a extração de fibras, pectina, vitamina C e óleos. palavras-chave: citrus, composição química, fibras dietárias, aproveitamento. summary CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND TAHITI LIME INDUSTRIAL RESIDUES OUTPUT CHARACTERIZATION.The juice industry makes use of only 40 to 50% of the fruit and its remainder is considered industrial residue. This residue is very rich in some of its compounds such as pectin, ascorbic acid and dietary fibers making it into raw material for the food industry, pharmaceutics and animal food. With the purpose of using the industrial residue of Tahiti lime for such purposes, the centesimal composition, fiber contents, pectin and vitamin C contained in flavedo fractions, albedo and fruit pulp were characterized. From the evaluation for the Scott Knott's test to 5% of probability, it was observed that the ash content, pectin, protein, vitamin C and rude fiber were different for flavedo, albedo and pulp. Tahiti lime industrial residue has a great potential for animal food formulation, considering its chemical composition, as well as the fact that it can be used for fiber extraction, pectin, vitamin C and oils.
RESUMOCom este trabalho, buscou-se caracterizar a composição química e físico-química dos grãos crus de 16 cultivares de café Coffea arabica L., com o intuito de avaliar novos materiais desenvolvidos com resistência à ferrugem (Hemileia vastatrix Berg. Termos para indexação:Café, composição química, cultivares, qualidade, grão cru. ABSTRACTThe aim of this article is characterizing the chemical and physical chemical composition of raw grains and analyzing new resistent material to rust (Hemilea vastatrix Berg. et Br.) compared to the traditional ones. The fruits were originated from breeding experiments from MAPA/PROCAFÉ, localized in the experimental farm of Varginha , Minas Gerais state. They were harvested and taken to the Postharvest Technology Center of Universidade Federal de Lavras, where they were washed, peeled and dried in a concrete ground. After cleaning, the grains were packed in aluminun box and stored at 15 o C. The utilized fruits cultivars were: Acaiá , Acauã , Bourbon Amarelo , Canário , Catuaí Amarelo , Catuaí Vermelho , Catucaí Amarelo , Catucaí Vermelho , Icatu Amarelo , Icatu Vermelho , Mundo Novo , Palma , Rubi , Sabiá 398 , Siriema e Topázio , from 2002 harvest. The raw beans were tritured in a ball mills with liquid N 2 . The accomplished analyses were: total sugars, reducers and non reducers, ethereal extract, polyphenols and caffeine. Differences were considered as significants and the cultivars showed variations related to tenors of all the evalued compositions, indicating to have influences of genotypo on these constituents.
Roasted coffee is subject to loss of quality due to aging, and the intensity of these losses is influenced by packaging. The objective in this study was to evaluate the possible losses in the sensory quality of a specialty roasted coffee, stored in beans for 150 days in different packages and storage temperatures. The experiment was carried out in the Coffee Classification and Industrialization Laboratories of IFSULDEMINAS Campus Muzambinho. The coffee was roasted and after 48 hours it was packed in three different packages and kept stored at room temperature and refrigerated at 18ºC ± 1ºC for 150 days, with evaluations every 50 days, starting from zero time. The experimental design used was entirely randomized with 3 repetitions. Sensory evaluation was performed by three Q-Grader judges, according to the SCAA protocol. The data were evaluated using the SISVAR software, and when significance between treatments was detected, the regression and Scott-Knott tests were applied at the 5% probability level. The packaging used for storage did not interfere in the quality of the coffee. There was an interaction between temperature and storage time for the sensory attribute “body”. The quality decreased linearly with the storage time, from 86 to 80 points, to 84 days of storage.
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