Objective To evaluate pregnant women's knowledge and perception of oral practices as well as their relationship with periodontal disease. Methods The project was developed in 27 units of the Family Health Strategy in the city of Picos, State of Piauí, Brazil, whose service prioritized providing the first dental appointment for pregnant women. A questionnaire was applied to 302 pregnant women, and a calibrated examiner (Kappa=0.96) performed the intraoral exam (CPI). Results the disease was present in 90.7% of them, although 96.4% had been to the dentist once, the majority have not seen a dentist during pregnancy, either because they feared the treatment would harm the baby, or lack of perceiving the need for doing so. Among those that had seen a dentist, did so because of pain or due to routine dental appointments. (19.9%). The belief that pregnancy could cause oral problems was mentioned by 39.7%, however, the majority (98.3%) stated they had received no guidance in this period, a fact which was shown to be associated with periodontal disease (p=0.0003). Conclusion It was concluded that there had been disease prevalence in the group, becoming persistent throughout pregnancy and also that the women presented many oral health care doubts during their gestational period.

Academics. Inclusion criteria included randomized clinical trials, case-control and cohort studies, as well as cross sectional studies, in Portuguese and English. Teams of reviewers, independently and in duplicate, screened titles and abstracts of full text articles to determine eligibility. The selected articles were read in full and the variables evaluated independently and described in predetermined forms according to clinical outcomes. As a result, five studies out of 653 publications were included: three case-control studies and two cohort studies. Although these studies indicate a positive association between the presence of periodontal disease and the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia, the results must be interpreted with caution. They should not be taken as definitive conclusions due to variations in methodology and limitations, such as sample size, inadequate control of potential confounding variables, lack of calibration of periodontal measurements and inconsistent criteria for the establishment of aspiration pneumonia. There is little evidence to affirm that periodontal disease is a risk condition factor for aspiration pneumonia. Future studies are necessary to elucidate this association, as well as to establish the potential benefit of periodontal treatment with the goal of reducing the risk of developing aspiration pneumonia.

ObjectiveTo assess the relationship between caries prevalence and sugar preference in schoolchildren. Methods The sample has consisted of 96 schoolchildren of both genders and age ranging from 5 to 12, enrolled at the Maria Aparecida de Jesus Segura in which the sugar concentration varied from 0 to 40g/liter. The association between the variables, DMFT and dmft was dichotomized into DMFT=0 and DMFT≥1; dmft=0 e dmft ≥1 and the sugar preference as low (A, B, C, D) and high (E). Results There was no significant association between the genders as regards preference for sugar in the solutions (Fisher Exact Test, p= 0.2150), and as regards the DMFT (Chi-Square Test, p=0.2789). In both caries history situations, the majority of the children preferred a high sugar concentration (Chi-Square Test, p=0.2463). ConclusionThere were no association between history of caries and preference of sugar. There no was association between gender and preference for sugar.Indexing terms: Dental caries. Epidemiology. Food preferences. Sucrose. RESUMO ObjetivoAvaliar a relação entre prevalência de cárie e preferência por açúcar em escolares. MétodosA amostra foi de 96 escolares, de ambos os gêneros e faixa etária de 5 a 12 anos de idade, matriculados na Escola Municipal Maria Aparecida de Jesus Segura do assentamento rural II de Sumaré, São Paulo. Os critérios de inclusão foram escolares matriculados com autorização para a pesquisa do responsável, cooperativos e que não apresentavam aparelho ortodôntico fixo, dificuldade de abertura bucal ou não restrição ao consumo de açúcar. A história de cárie foi realizada por examinadores calibrados (Kappa= 0,85) segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde. A preferência por açúcar foi verificada pelo teste Sweet Preference Inventory modificado. Cada escolar provou 5 soluções de suco de uva, cuja concentração de açúcar variou de 0 a 40g/litro. A associação entre as variáveis, os índices CPOD e ceod foram dicotomizados em CPO=0 e CPO≥1; ceod=0 e ceod ≥1 e a preferência por açúcar em baixa (A, B, C, D) e alta (E). ResultadosNão houve associação significante entre os gêneros em relação à preferência por açúcar nas soluções de suco (Teste Exato de Fischer, p= 0,2150), e em relação ao CPO-D (teste Qui-quadrado, p=0,2789). Para ambas as situações de história de cárie, a preferência da maioria das crianças foi por alta concentração de açúcar (teste Qui-quadrado, p=0,2463). ConclusãoNão foi verificada a associação entre a história de cárie e preferência por açúcar. Não houve associação entre gênero e a preferência por açúcar.Termos de indexação: Cárie dentária. Epidemiologia. Preferências alimentares. Sacarose.

Saúde do trabalhador; Absenteísmo; Atestado de saúde.