The research aimed to describe the existing problems in the relationship between City, State and Federal Government, through the Brazilian Federative Pact, mainly for municipalities with population of less than 50,000 inhabitants. The research is structured from a qualitative perspective. The theoretical framework was built from the local power of the discussion based on the understanding of the federal pact and local interest and the municipality in Brazil. The paper argues that the federal pact is little debated, discussed, much less questioned by society in general, it only strengthens the lack of a legal and institutional framework for coordination and cooperation among federal entities in the country, which results in public policy fragmented the territory and without direction, causing waste of public resources.
The objective of this study is to identify possible financing sources for the implantation of sanitary landfills in small municipalities in Brazil. It also seeks, through a preliminary study, to verify the extent to which there are financial resources, whether from the state or of private origin, capable of leveraging, in the context of small cities, the works necessary to fulfill the objectives established in the National Plan of Solid Waste, which falls under Law no. 12,305, August 2, 2010. The initial assumption with regard to financing is that while there are suitable alternatives to meet the needs and demands of municipalities, there are inconsistencies between the institutional entities of the Brazilian federation, and efficiency in the implementation of the sanitary landfills that need to be improved in the federative agreement. The research question is situated in a theoretical framework that can be categorized as analysis of public policy. The study is of a qualitative approach. The relevance of the theme lies in the benefits that achieving a landfill would provide to the environment and public health in Brazilian cities. The result of the test indicates possible viable options of official resources for the execution of sanitary landfill implantation carried out by local governments of cities with up to fifty thousand inhabitants.
To describe the Integrated Governance and Management Index (iGG) used by the Federal Court of Auditors (TCU) by discussing the relevance of its applicability for improving the quality of public management in Brazil. The reports issued by the governance evaluations conducted by the TCU from 2007 to 2019 were examined. The analyses showed that the process of constitution of the current iGG proceeded to the creation of different evaluation indices that were later gathered to constitute and configure the current iGG. The results showed that iGG has significantly contributed to improving the quality of public management in Brazil in view of the growth of the index values pointed out in its reports. Finally, the study suggests the iGG process can be considered a technological innovation, based on the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) concept.
This study examines the following problem: "What does the management plan (conservation management document) indicate about the objectives of a conservation unit (CU), according to indicators in the 'Module -Objectives' from the RAPPAM method -world reference in evaluating the effectiveness of CU management?" The goal is to characterize the "objectives" of a sustainable use CU based on 8 indicators from the RAPPAM method. The study was applied to the Rio Ouro Preto Extractive Reserve, located in the Amazon. Some results deserve to be highlighted: the indicator "biodiversity" being absent in the objectives of the plan harms the CU in its master function: sustainability; the indicators "plans" and "projects" showed a wealth of detail; the indicators "employees", "managers" and "policies" revealed a frightening reality: a lack of human resources; the indicator "local communities" revealed satisfactory participation. The management plan was deficient with its main objectives: strategic ones. They are of great importance because they are considered the highest priority according to the needs of the community. The study suggests a readjustment of the objectives, under penalty of undermining the objectivity of the management plan and sustainable development of the Exres. The study allows for the application of the method in other CUs, since all management plans have "objectives" in their textual structure. The scientific relevance of this study is justified in view of the sustainability of other CUs, since the management plan, as well as the objectives contained in the textual structure of the document, are common to all.
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