Paracoccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection that is relatively common in Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Argentina. Sporadic cases can also be seen in some other countries. It is caused by a dimorphic fungus, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, which affects mainly the skin, lymph nodes, lungs, and oral, nasal, and gastrointestinal mucous membranes. Depending on the specific immunity of the host, the infection can assume many forms and affect single or multiple organs, eventually becoming a severe and even fatal disease. It is very important for dermatologists of all over the world to know about paracoccidioidomycosis because sometimes the disease only manifests many years after the individual has left the endemic area.