Background In oncology, the prevalence of symptoms is preferentially analyzed in isolation instead of being considered in clusters. However, clinical practice shows that symptoms rarely occur separately but rather form clusters that share common underlying mechanisms in terms of intensity and severity, creating a synergistic effect among them, which can even help predict the development of future symptoms. Objective To identify and gather evidence on the prevalence, composition, severity, and predictors of cancer symptom clusters in adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol was developed in compliance with PRISMA-P. Observational and experimental study designs will be included. MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, clinical trials.gov-NIH, the British Library, Google Scholar, and preprints [medRXiv] will be searched with no restrictions on idioms, dates, or settings. Two investigators will independently select the studies, perform data extraction, and critically appraise the risk of bias of the included studies. Heterogeneity among the studies will be assessed using the I2 statistic. If meta-analysis was feasible, a random-effect model analysis will be carried out. For data analysis, the pooled effect will be estimated considering 95% confidence interval and α = 5%. In addition, the certainty of evidence will be rated based on Cochrane methods in accordance with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this systematic review and meta-analysis will be the first to identify and critically assess evidence regarding the prevalence, composition, severity, and predictors of cancer symptom clusters in adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. We intend to provide health professionals with subsidies to reflect on a better understanding of symptom clusters in adult cancer patients, with the aim of contributing to the development of evidence-based therapeutic interventions and success in clinical practice. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021248406.
Introduction Part of the patients infected by COVID-19 have at least one lasting sequel of the disease and may be framed in the concept of long Covid. These sequelae can compromise the quality of life, increase dependence on other people for personal care, impair the performance of activities of daily living, thus compromising work activities and harming the health of the worker. This protocol aims to critically synthesize the scientific evidence on the effects of Covid-19 among workers and its impact on their health status and professional life. Method Searches will be performed in MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library Central, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS and Epistemonikos. Included studies will be those that report the prevalence of long-term signs and symptoms in workers and/or the impact on their health status and work performance, which may be associated with Covid-19 infection. Data extraction will be conducted by 3 reviewers independently. For data synthesis, a results report will be carried out, based on the main outcome of this study. Discussion This review will provide evidence to support health surveillance to help decision makers (i.e. healthcare providers, stakeholders and governments) regarding long-term Covid. Trial registration PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021288120. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021288120.
Introdução: as Doenças Não Transmissíveis (DNT) são consideradas um grande problema de saúde pública, o que torna fundamental o desenvolvimento de intervenções de promoção, prevenção e tratamento. Objetivo: sintetizar e avaliar as evidências sobre as ações de alimentação e nutrição para o enfrentamento das DNT em adultos e idosos na perspectiva da APS no Brasil. Método: trata-se de uma revisão de escopo da literatura, guiada pelas diretrizes do JBI e seguida as etapas de Itens de Relatórios Preferenciais para Revisões Sistemáticas e Extensão de Meta-Análises para Revisões de Escopo. A busca ocorreu em 5 bases de dados eletrônicas: MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, Central Cochrane Library e LILACS, e a literatura cinza, contemplando os sítios eletrônicos oficiais do governo e a Rede de Alimentação e Nutrição do SUS. Resultados: foram identificados um total de 1844 artigos e apenas 42 artigos se enquadraram nos critérios de elegibilidade da metodologia proposta. Foi identificado que entre as evidências científicas disponibilizadas, as ações de alimentação e nutrição na APS, encontram-se concentradas em estratégias de educação e orientação de hábitos saudáveis para tratamento de DNT baseados em Políticas e Diretrizes Públicas de Nutrição designadas em sua maioria por uma população composta de adultos e uma parte reduzida de idosos. Conclusão: há necessidade de mais estudos publicados sobre ações de alimentação e nutrição na APS, pois as evidências científicas disponíveis não correspondem a 50% dos estados brasileiros, sendo insuficientes para impactar positivamente a situação nutricional do país. Além disso, mais pesquisas com abordagem preventiva às DNT são essenciais, uma vez que a APS caracteriza-se por um conjunto de ações relacionadas à saúde que têm como foco principal a promoção e proteção da saúde.
Background: Globally, pancreatic cancer is the seventh most common cause of cancer-related death in both sexes, accounting for 466,003 deaths and 495,773 new cases in 2020. The purpose of this study was to synthesize and evaluate evidence on the effects of omega-3 supplementation on the nutritional status of patients with pancreatic cancer. Methods: This systematic review protocol will be guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. Five databases will be searched: MEDLINE/PubMed, CENTRAL Cochrane, EMBASE, Web of Science, and SCOPUS, with no restrictions on the publication date nor language. The internal validity and risk of bias of randomized controlled trials will be assessed using the revised Cochrane Risk-Of-Bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2), whereas the risk of bias in non-randomized studies of interventions will be evaluated using the ROBINS-I. The heterogeneity among the studies will be assessed using the I2 statistic. Based on the results of this test, we will verify whether the meta-analysis would be feasible. If feasibility would be confirmed, a random-effect model analysis will be performed. For data analysis, the calculation of the pooled effect estimates will have a 95% confidence interval, while the alpha will be set to 0.05 using the R statistical software version 4.0.4. All methodological steps of this review will be performed independently by two reviewers and will be conducted and managed in the EPPI-Reviewer Software™. Results: This review may be of particular interest to researchers and clinicians, given the low survival and overall burden of patients with pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, the results of this systematic review may contribute to the development of new nutritional interventions in these patients. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this will be the first study to critically assess the scientific evidence and estimate the effect of omega-3 supplementation on the nutritional status of patients with pancreatic cancer. The review will perform a rigorous approach, adhering to the PRISMA Statement 2020 using a comprehensive and systematic search strategy in five databases and additional sources with no time period nor language restrictions.
IntroductionPart of the patients infected by COVID-19 have at least one lasting sequel of the disease and may be framed in the concept of long Covid. These sequelae can compromise the quality of life, increase dependence on other people for personal care, impair the performance of activities of daily living, thus compromising work activities and harming the health of the worker. This protocol aims to critically synthesize the scientific evidence on the effects of Covid-19 among workers and its impact on their health status and professional life.MethodSearches will be performed in MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS and Epistemonikos. Included studies will be those that report the prevalence of long-term signs and symptoms in workers and/or the impact on their health status and work performance, which may be associated with Covid-19 infection. Data extraction will be conducted by 3 reviewers independently. For data synthesis, a results report will be carried out, based on the main outcome of this study.DiscussionThis review will provide evidence to support health surveillance to help decision makers (i.e. healthcare providers, stakeholders and governments) regarding long-term Covid.
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