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Self-control is an important personal competence that develops during the first decades of life. The empirical evidence indicates that self-control is significantly associated with emotional and behavioral adjustment (De Ridder, Lensvelt-Mulders, Finkenauer, Stok, & Baumeister, 2012). This study seeks to analyze the relationship between self-control assessed by the Spanish version of the Brief Self-control Scale (Tangney, Baumeister, & Boone, 2004) and age, as well as to explore how self-control is related to some of the most frequent emotional and behavioral problems among adolescents and young adults, such as substance consumption, Internet addiction, and anxiety-depression symptoms. When studying self-control, some authors have placed the emphasis on individuals' willpower to regulate self-behavior when faced with suppressing temptation and the long-term attainment of valuable objectives (Baumeister, Vohs, & Tice, 2007). As such, selfregulating competence is needed to withdraw and inhibit socially unacceptable impulses and to regulate behaviors, thoughts, and emotions (Tangney et al., 2004). This would mean prioritizing the h t t p s : / / j o u r n a l s. c o p m a d r i d. o rg / p i

Resumen:Pese a que disponemos de información relevante sobre qué aspectos se relacionan con la eficacia de los programas de prevención de drogadicciones en el ámbito escolar, existen aún datos contradictorios que hacen necesario continuar arrojando luz sobre esta cuestión. En esta investigación se trató de determinar cuáles eran las variables que, según los estudios de revisión, fomentan la eficacia de estos programas y qué peso tiene su evidencia empírica; además se examinaron algunas características de los diseños de evaluación en los que las variables habían demostrado su eficacia. Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura que dio lugar a la extracción de 1622 artículos y al análisis final de 17 estudios de revisión. Su análisis permitió identificar 29 variables relacionadas con la eficacia de los programas de prevención, las cuáles fueron ordenadas en función del peso de la evidencia empírica que los apoyaba.2 Además, las características de los estudios incluidos en la revisión mostraron la necesidad de incrementar la rigurosidad y calidad de los diseños de evaluación en este ámbito.Palabras clave: meta-revisión, eficacia, programas escolares, prevención de drogadicciones. Abstract:Relevant information about effectiveness of school-based drug prevention programs is available. Despite this, there is still a gap about drawing a comprehensive map concerning this available evidence. The aim of this research consisted of reviewing empirical evidence from a comprehensive perspective in order to extract relevant variables for efficacy of schoolbased drug prevention programs and establish its evidence's weight. A systematic review of periodical literature published was conducted, extracting 1622 papers from which 17 studies were analyzed. An in-deep analysis of these publications led us to identify 29 effective key factors. The need for getting better rigorousity and quality in evaluation designs was also highlighted.

Resumen. En este estudio se analiza la relación entre algunas dimensiones o activos para el desarrollo en el barrio de residencia, medidos mediante la Escala para la Evaluación de los Activos del Barrio, y el ajuste y la satisfacción vital de adolescentes. La muestra estuvo formada por 2400 adolescentes (1068 chicos y 1332 chicas) con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 17 años, que cursaban estudios de Educación Secundaria en centros de Andalucía Occidental. Los resultados mostraron relaciones significativas entre la mayoría de las dimensiones de la escala (empoderamiento de la juventud, apego al barrio, seguridad y control social) y los problemas internalizantes y externalizantes, el consumo de sustancias y la satisfacción vital de los participantes. Por otra parte, los datos aportan evidencias acerca de la validez externa de la escala utilizada. A partir de los resultados se ofrecen algunas sugerencias para la intervención en el entorno comunitario.

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Depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation are common internalizing problems during adolescence. Numerous studies have explored the role of certain demographic, social, and economic factors in their development in referred or non-referred adolescents, but not simultaneously in both groups. In this study, we examined the association between age, gender, parents’ educational level, and socioeconomic status (SES) and depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in a referred group (n = 211) and a non-referred (n = 1401) group of adolescents. We also examined the moderating role that these factors play in the relationships between both internalizing problems. The results showed: higher levels of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in the referred group; an increase in both problems during early-to-middle adolescence in the non-referred group; an association between low SES and suicidal ideation in both groups; an association between low father’s education level and depressive symptoms in the non-referred group; and no gender differences in either of these two internalizing problems. The moderation analyses showed that age, in referred adolescents, and SES, in non-referred adolescents, moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. This study contributes to the identification of groups of vulnerable adolescents that could constitute the target populations of preventive programs.