Resumo Busca-se compreender como a relação entre indivíduo e contexto social-histórico fazia-se presente nas teorias e especulações filosóficas de Hume, Smith e Bentham - enfocando o papel concedido à natureza individual, suas supostas tendências ou predisposições inatas, sejam elas racionais ou passionais. Principalmente em Hume e Smith, observa-se que a capacidade natural de nos importarmos com o outro, sympathy, não diz muito em si mesma, mas ganha concretude com o hábito. Já em Bentham, a sympathy, que faz o indivíduo sair de si e se reconhecer no outro, dará lugar ao indivíduo isolado, o que impossibilita a superação de uma “natureza natural” por uma natureza histórico-social do homem.
Sexual dimorphism in size, anal-fin shape and coloration of Hyphessobrycon igneus, Characidae, were examined. Males were more frequent at larger body sizes, confirming body size as a sexually dimorphic trait. Anal-fin shape and the colour of all fins were the same for females and juveniles, differing only in adult males. Likewise, only adult males had bony hooks on fin rays; larger and more sexually mature males had the most numerous and developed hooks and hooks were most developed in degree and number during peak reproductive periods. Fin hooks regressed in number and developmental degree after the reproductive period, but restarted development with the beginning of the new reproductive period without completely disappearing. Results show that bony hooks have a development and regression cycle related to reproductive seasonality.
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