This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world and provides essential nutrients. With an aim to develop potato varieties for functional food or nutraceutial applications, we have conducted metabolomic profiling, total phenolics, chlorogenic acid, anthocyanins, and glycoalkaloids analyses on 20 selected potato clones within the Canadian potato breeding program of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Pigmented potatoes in general contain higher levels of phenolic components, including chlorogenic acid and anthocyanins. Levels of phenolics were retained with granulation processing of pigmented potato tubers, but glycoalkaloids were significantly reduced with granulation. The pigmented potatoes also have higher antioxidant activity reaching up to 35% of that for berries, measured as their potency in scavenging DPPH radicals. Extracts of the 20 potato clones (peel, tuber, and granule) were also evaluated for in vitro effects on liver LDL cholesterol uptake and protection of cortical neurons from cell death caused by oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD). These potato extracts in general showed mild activity in enhancing LDL cholesterol uptake in liver HepG2 cells, and also protected cortical neurons against OGD induced cell death, with extracts from granules of six of the potato clones showing significant neuroprotective effects. The bioactive components are not dependent on pigmentation of potato clones. These novel bioactivities identified in potatoes warrant in-depth investigations in the future. Taken together, our results provide further evidence for the enhanced health beneficial components in potato. Crown
Vietnam is one of the fastest growing economies in the world. Over the past 30 years, Vietnam has transformed itself from one of the world’s poorest nations to a lower-middle income country ripe with investment opportunities. Yet despite these economic achievements, this one-party state still encounters significant obstacles to sustained and democratic political development in each of the USAID’s five key elements of democracy, human rights and governance: consensus, inclusion, competition and political accountability, rule of law and human rights, and government responsiveness and effectiveness
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