The American Academy of Orofacial Pain defines temporomandibular disorders (TMD) as a group of disorders involving masticatory muscles, temporomandibular jpoint (TMJ), and associated structures that have a multifactorial cause. 1 TMD may have a muscular or articular origin. 2 Myofascial pain, a condition of muscular origin, is characterized by localized muscle tenderness and regional muscle pain 3 and may be associated with mouth-opening limitation, 4 being the most prevalent diagnosis among those affected by TMD. 5 Although the literature could not properly clarify the relationship between TMD and bruxism, the latter seems to act as a risk factor
Casos de bruxismo e disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) têm se tornado cada vez mais frequentes na prática clínica. Reconhecer seus mecanismos é necessário para o sucesso do controle e tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo piloto foi investigar o conhecimento e a percepção sobre DTM e bruxismo dos estudantes de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Para isso um questionário com 15 questões foi aplicado a 20 estudantes dessa instituição, sendo 10 do 7º e 10 do 10º semestre. Todos os estudantes avaliados relataram ouvir sobre DTM durante a graduação, mas 70% consideraram que possuíam pouca ou nenhuma base de conhecimento sobre o assunto. Noventa por cento dos estudantes relatou não conhecer a ferramenta utilizada em pesquisas para diagnóstico das DTM. Não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos avaliados e a média geral de acertos foi de 54%. Os dados evidenciam o pouco conhecimento sobre os assuntos abordados e a fragilidade do ensino destas alterações, especialmente pela não evolução do conhecimento sobre DTM e bruxismo ao longo do curso avaliado, pois o grupo de estudantes do 10º semestre apresentou resultados inferiores quando comparados ao do 7º semestre, que passaram recentemente pela Clínica de Oclusão, na qual os temas são abordados.
Aim: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and psychosocial comorbidities in undergraduate dental students in a southern Brazilian university, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, it aimed to verify the association between psychosocial factors and TMD. Methods: Fonseca Anamnestic Index, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), a socioeconomic questionnaire, and questions about academic performance and social distancing were applied. Poisson regression analysis was used to assess the association of predictive variables with TMD. Results: The prevalence of TMD was found to be 82.4%, and more than half of the students had some degree of stress, anxiety, and depression. Students who had symptoms of stress (RR 1.11; 95% CI 1.04-1.19), anxiety (RR 1.19; 95% CI 1.12-1.27) and reported academic performance worsening (RR 1.12; 95% CI 1.07-1.19) had higher TMD scores. Conclusion: The findings suggest that TMD was highly prevalent among dental students at a federal university in southern Brazil during the pandemic, being associated with high levels of stress, anxiety, poor academic performance, and greater social distancing.
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