OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB), in isolation and combination, on all-cause mortality in older adults. METHODS Prospective, population-based cohort study. The data were collected from first wave in 2015 and the follow-up continued until 2020. The sample consisted of 332 older adult people aged ≥ 60 years-old, out of which 59 died. The level of PA and SB was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The older adults were divided into PA categorized as sufficiently active and insufficiently active and into high and low SB. We built four combinations of PA and SB. Also, we used the Cox proportional hazards regression with a 95% confidence interval with hazard ratio estimate so as to verify the mortality risks between PA, SB, and the combinations of PA and SB. RESULTS Insufficiently active individuals had higher risks of mortality compared to sufficiently active people. We observed no associations between SB and mortality separately; however, when evaluated in a combined way, insufficiently active individuals and with a high SB time had a higher chance of mortality compared to active individuals with a low SB time. CONCLUSION Our isolated analyses demonstrate that complying with PA recommendations reduces the risk of mortality; however, no association was found between the time of PA exposure with the time of SB. When analysing the combination, being physically inactive and with a long time of SB showed higher mortality rates, with SB being an enhancer of this risk. The results of this study show the interdependence of SB for PA performed at moderate to vigorous intensity. The understanding of this interrelation must be considered in the formulation of public health guidelines.

Background: Intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors can affect the levels of adherence of physical activity (PA) during the aging process. Objectives: Investigate the intrinsic and extrinsic aspects and motivation that led older women to enroll in and adhere to a community PA program before the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data were collected via transversal survey before the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample consisted of 21 women, participants of a PA workshop, aged between 60 to 86 years [< 1-year (n = 8) and ≥ 1-year (n = 13) groups]. Motivation was assessed by the Motivation Inventory for Regular Physical Activity Practice (IMPRAF-54), using the 60th percentile to categorize high and low motivation, and two open questions. For qualitative assessment, content analysis was used and the answers were framed into subcategories regarding the motivation factors for adherence and permanence. Results: That adherence to the program was motivated by sociability purposes [total score: 36.0 (6.0), median (interquartile range)] and pleasure [34.0; (6.0)], while the main motivation for permanence was health [40.0 (11.0)]. Differences were noticed between the groups for sociability [38.0 (3.0) P = 0.030] and competitiveness [9.50 (12.0); P = 0.037] highest medians for the < 1 year group. Furthermore, the factors that least motivated older women were competitiveness and aesthetics. Conclusions: Health and sociability were the main motivators for the practice of physical activity among older adult women. Motivation played a fundamental role in the permanence of older adult women in the physical activity program.

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Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer among men, behind only non-melanoma skin cancer, and the main method of screening for PC is the prostate-specific antigen (PSA). To analyze the prevalence and the factors associated with high concentration of PSA in the elderly is essential to understand this outcome, and building strategies to decrease their rates of morbidity and mortality. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study with 96 elderly men. A high level of PSA was defined by >4.0 ng/mL. In order to identify sociodemographic, health, functional and behavioral variables, which may be associated with high levels of PSA, we carried out a multivariate analysis using Poisson regression. Results: The prevalence of high levels of PSA was 21.9% (n = 21). High levels of PSA was associated with years of study, race/ethnicity and family arrangement, health perception, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, metabolic diseases, alcohol consumption and sedentary behavior. Conclusions: The study found a high prevalence of high PSA concentrations in the elderly and several aspects are associated, which can be a worrying factor for their health, since PSA is an important marker of prostate cancer.

Objetivo: identificar os valores normativos do CS em idosos do Estudo ELSIA. Estudo observacional, do tipo analítico com delineamento transversal utilizando método exploratório survey. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 473 sujeitos de ambos os sexos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, agrupados por sexo e idade em três grupos, 60-69 anos, 70-79 anos e 80 anos ou mais, moradores da cidade de Alcobaça, Bahia. O comportamento sedentário foi determinado através da seção tempo sentado (minutos por dia) do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física. Os procedimentos da estatística descritiva foram utilizados para identificar a amostra com a distribuição da frequência, percentil (P10, P20, P30, P40, P50, P60, P70, P80, P90), cálculo de medida de tendência central (média e mediana) e de dispersão (amplitude de variação, desvio-padrão) e estatística inferencial (teste Kruskal-Wallis), p<0,05. Resultados: O tempo exposto ao comportamento sedentário, de acordo com a faixa etária, respectivamente para homens e mulheres variaram de 189,2 e 210,2min/dia a 648,5 e 606,2 min/dia na faixa etária de 60-69 anos, 222,0 e 283,5 e 246,6 min/dia a 660,5 e 680,0 min/dia na faixa etária de 70-79 anos e de 280,0 e 204,3 min/dia a 671,4 e 778,8 min/dia para a faixa etária de 80 anos ou mais. Conclusão: O presente estudo possibilitou identificar os valores normativos do comportamento sedentário entre os idosos de Alcobaça, BA, representando uma detalhada distribuição da população e de seu CS demonstrando que quanto mais elevada à idade, maior o tempo exposto ao CS, servindo ainda como parâmetro de avaliação e mudança de comportamento ao aumento do nível de prática de atividade física.