The physical, psychological and social modifications in adolescence deepen the condition of vulnerability and increase the risk of precocious use of psychoactive substances (PAS). This cross-sectional study covered 229 adolescent users of PAS under treatment at a psychosocial center for the care of children and adolescents (CAPSIA), during the first ten years of the service, with the purpose of outlining the bio-socio-psychological of the users and profile of the users and identifying risk factors for beginning drug use among adolescents. Most of the medical records belonging to male patients who practice or had practiced misdemeanors as school dropouts and had lived or live with family members who use drugs, and/or in situations of family aggression. Such data reveal a profile of vulnerability that generates a need for additional protection on the part of the diverse services for child and adolescent care, in different spheres. Keywords: Adolescents. Mental health services. Substance-Related disorders. Behavior/drug effects. Psychophysiologic disorders. Social vulnerability. Resumo Adolescência vulnerável: fatores biopsicossociais relacionados ao uso de drogasAs modificações físicas, psíquicas e sociais da adolescência aprofundam a condição de vulnerabilidade e aumentam o risco de início precoce do uso de substâncias psicoativas (SPA). Realizou-se estudo transversal com 229 adolescentes usuários de SPA, em tratamento em centro de atenção psicossocial à infância e adolescência (Capsia), durante o período correspondente aos primeiros dez anos de funcionamento desse serviço, com a finalidade de traçar o perfil biopsicossocial dos usuários e identificar fatores de risco para o início do uso de drogas entre adolescentes. A maioria dos prontuários analisados pertencia a pacientes do sexo masculino, que praticam ou praticaram atos infracionais, estão em evasão escolar e conviveram ou convivem com familiares que utilizam drogas e/ou em situações de agressão familiar. Tais dados revelam um perfil de vulnerabilidade que gera a necessidade de proteção adicional por parte dos diversos serviços de atenção às crianças e adolescentes, em diferentes esferas. Palavras-chave: Adolescentes. Serviços de saúde mental. Transtorno relacionado ao uso de substâncias. Comportamento/efeitos de drogas. Transtornos psicofisiológicos. Vulnerabilidade social. Resumen Adolescencia vulnerable: factores biopsicosociales relacionados al uso de drogasLas modificaciones físicas, psíquicas y sociales de la adolescencia profundizan la condición de vulnerabilidad y aumentan el riesgo de un inicio precoz en el uso de sustancias psicoactivas (SPA). Se realizó un estudio transversal con 229 adolescentes usuarios de SPA, en tratamiento en un centro de atención psicosocial a la infancia y adolescencia (CAPSIA), durante el período correspondiente a los primeros diez años de funcionamiento de este servicio, con la finalidad de trazar el perfil biopsicosocial de los usuarios e identificar factores de riesgo para el inicio en el uso de drogas entre ad...

Background Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the female population. Health education interventions based on the use of mobile technologies enable the development of health self-care skills and have emerged as alternative strategies for the control of breast cancer. In previous studies, WhatsApp has stood out as a useful tool in health education strategies; however, it has not yet been applied for breast cancer education. Objective This study aimed to analyze the potential of WhatsApp as a health education tool used to improve women's knowledge on the risk reduction of breast cancer. It also aimed to understand how women feel sensitized within the WhatsApp group throughout the intervention and how they incorporate information posted to improve knowledge about early detection and risk reduction methods. Methods The study involved a pre-post health educational intervention with 35 women (aged 45-69 years) included in a WhatsApp group to share information (audio, video, text, and images) over 3 weeks on the early detection and risk reduction of breast cancer. Data were collected through questionnaires on topics related to risk reduction, as well as qualitative content analysis of group interactions. Effectiveness and feasibility were analyzed through conversations and the comparison of the scores obtained in the questionnaires before and after the intervention. Results A total of 293 messages were exchanged (moderator 120 and users 173). The average scores of the participants were 11.21 and 13.68 points before and after the educational intervention, respectively, with sufficient sample evidence that the difference was significant (P<.001). The intervention enabled women to improve their knowledge on all topics addressed, especially “myths and truths,” “incidence,” “clinical manifestations,” and “protective factors.” Some themes emerged from the interactions in the group, including group dynamics, general doubts, personal narratives, religious messages, daily news, and events. Conclusions The use of groups for women in WhatsApp for health education purposes seems to be a viable alternative in strategies on breast cancer control, especially as it provides a space for the exchange of experiences and disinhibition. However, the need for a moderator to answer the questions and the constant distractions by members of the group represent important limitations that should be considered when improving this strategy.

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This study aimed to analyze and describe the understanding of multi-professional residents of a teaching hospital regarding death and dying. A qualitative study was performed using Bardin subject analysis. A semistructured interview was used for the collection of data, which was analyzed with QSR NVivo 11 software. It was noted that the interviewees believe that working with the theme of death and dying is entirely pertinent, and that it is an indispensable subject in academic training for integral care. It was found that the interviewees did not feel they were prepared to deal with the process of death and dying. Keywords: Death. Attitude to death. Palliative care. Health education. Bioethics. ResumoMorrer e morte na perspectiva de residentes multiprofissionais em hospital universitário Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar e descrever o entendimento que residentes multiprofissionais de hospital universitário têm sobre a morte e o morrer. Trata-se de estudo de abordagem qualitativa, com emprego da técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. A ferramenta utilizada para coleta de dados foi entrevista semiestruturada, analisada com auxílio do software QSR NVivo 11. Verificou-se que na perspectiva dos entrevistados é totalmente pertinente trabalhar o tema da morte e do morrer, temática indispensável à formação acadêmica para assistência integral. Conclui-se que os entrevistados sinalizaram a sensação de não se sentirem preparados para lidar com o processo de morrer e a morte. Palavras-chave: Morte. Atitude frente à morte. Cuidados paliativos. Educação em saúde. Bioética. Resumen Morir y muerte en la perspectiva de residentes multiprofesionales en un hospital universitarioEste artículo tiene como objetivo analizar y describir el entendimiento que los residentes multiprofesionales de un hospital universitario tienen sobre la muerte y el morir. Se trata de un estudio de enfoque cualitativo, con la utilización de la técnica de análisis de contenido de Bardin. La herramienta utilizada para la recolección de datos fue la entrevista semiestructurada, analizada con la ayuda del software QSR NVivo 11. Se verificó que en la perspectiva de los entrevistados es totalmente pertinente trabajar el tema de la muerte y del morir, temática indispensable en la formación académica para la asistencia integral. Se concluye que los entrevistados señalaron la sensación de no sentirse preparados para lidiar con el proceso de morir y la muerte. Palabras-clave: Muerte. Actitud frente a la muerte. Cuidados paliativos. Educación en salud. Bioética. Declaram não haver conflito de interesse.

In regard to mental illness, brain donation is essential for the biological investigation of central pathology. Nevertheless, little is known about the thoughts of people with mental disorders on tissue donation for research. Here, our objective was to understand the attitudes and opinions of people treated for bipolar disorder and their relatives regarding donation in general, and particularly donation for research. This is a qualitative study that used in-depth interviews to determine the thoughts of participants regarding tissue donation for research. Theoretical sampling was used as a recruitment method. Grounded theory was used as a framework for content analyses of the interviews. A semi-structured interview guide was applied with the topics: donation in general; donation for research; mental health and body organs; opinion regarding donation; feelings aroused by the topic. Although all participants were aware of organ donation for transplant, they were surprised that tissue could be donated for research. Nevertheless, once they understood the concept they were usually in favor of the idea. Although participants demonstrated a general lack of knowledge on donation for research, they were willing to learn more and viewed it as a good thing, with altruistic reasons often cited as a motive for donation. We speculate that bridging this knowledge gap may be a fundamental step towards a more ethical postmortem tissue donation process.

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Introduction Exercising regularly has benefits for people with bipolar disorder. Nevertheless, as a group, these patients tend to be less physically active than the general population and little is known from the viewpoint of the patients about the barriers and facilitators to such a practice. Objective To know the barriers and facilitators perceived by people with bipolar disorder for the practice of exercise. Methods This study had a descriptive, qualitative, exploratory nature. The investigation method used for data collection was a semi-structured in-depth interview, using grounded theory as theoretical framework. Results The data analysis generated two main areas of interest: adherence to regular physical exercise (barriers and facilitators) and the participants’ exercise history and perception of disease management, as described below. The main findings were: most of our sample did not exercise regularly, nor knew how exercise can positively influence their disorder; with regard to adherence to physical exercise, the presence of symptoms and stigma were the most important barriers to the practice of physical exercise. Social support, especially from family and friends, could be a facilitator to the practice of exercise. Conclusions Even considering the limitations for generalization of qualitative and exploratory studies, understanding perceived barriers and facilitators for the practice of exercise among people who suffer with bipolar disorder may contribute to the promotion of activities in which people with mental illness can participate.

Objective: To present a narrative review of the history of bioethics in Latin America and of scientific output in this interdisciplinary field. Methods: This was a mixed-methods study. Results: A total of 1458 records were retrieved, of which 1167 met the inclusion criteria. According to the Web of Science classification, the predominant topics of study were medical ethics (n= 488), social sciences and medicine (n= 354), and environmental and public health topics (n= 279). Four themes of bioethics output in the Latin American literature have emerged: (a) issues involving the beginning and end of life, (b) ethics in human research, (c) patientprovider relationships, and (d) ethics training for health professionals. Conclusion: Although bioethics is a growing interdisciplinary field in Latin America, its academic impact is still very low, and programmes are highly concentrated in large urban centres in a few countries. Challenges includes the regional and international impact of local scientific output.