El artículo presenta un análisis basado en diversas fuentes de una encuesta nacional realizada con el equipo de Consultorios en la Calle en Brasil sobre la población en situación de calle y la pandemia de Covid-19. A través de ciertos principios ético-políticos y apuestas metodológicas, dirigimos nuestra mirada al discurso sobre quién vive y trabaja en las calles durante la pandemia, entrecruzando el discurso y la experiencia. De esta manera, buscamos desvelar las relaciones de poder, desde la perspectiva de la gubernamentalidad y la biopolítica, que permiten mostrar los modos de gobierno encarnados en la calle –principalmente a partir de las medidas de aislamiento y distanciamiento social– para tensionar el surgimiento de la noción de población en situación de calle, en este escenario pandémico. Por último, discutimos nociones de precariedad que circunscriben la vida en la calle como condición compartida, en busca de pistas sobre formas de resistencia y el derecho a aparecer.
Here we present the last of a series of four interviews with English sociologist Nikolas Rose. We explore central aspects of the recently published work entitled “Our Psychiatric Future: politics of Mental Health policies”, which has as background issues and problems that we consider absolutely relevant for facing the complex and difficult challenges posed to the implementation of Brazilian Public Health system and to the reform of Mental Health in our country. In this interview, we seek to discuss with the author: psychiatry as a (bio)politics; the ‘epidemics’ of mental disorders’; the role and consequences of psychiatric diagnostic practice in defining what is defined as mental disorder or illness; the use and abuse of psychiatric drugs in the contemporary; strengths and weaknesses of discursive psychiatric practices in ‘developed’ countries; limits and possibilities of users’ participation in Mental Health.
Resumo Este ensaio foi elaborado dentro de uma perspectiva ativa de produção do conhecimento, a partir de uma metodologia adaptada da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas. O objetivo foi analisar coletiva e interdisciplinarmente a noção classificatória em torno do gênero. Foram consultadas 103 bibliografias, discutidas por 24 estudantes em Saúde Coletiva e elaborada uma síntese sobre as investigações e as experiências individuais e coletivas das discentes e do docente sobre a temática. Esta experiência pedagógica permitiu compreender a potência da linguagem na função de manter ou subverter estruturas hegemônicas. Concluiu-se que as construções e as fixações de identidades com base em práticas altamente reguladas com relação ao sexo e ao gênero reduzem as multiplicidades possíveis de ser e estar no mundo.
This essay was developed based on an active perspective of knowledge production adapted from the problem-based learning (PBL) methodology. It sought to collectively and interdisciplinarily analyze the categories of sex and gender. A total of 103 references were consulted, discussed by 24 students in Collective Health. A theoretical synthesis was elaborated about the individual and collective investigations and experiences of the students and professor regarding the topic. This pedagogical experience allowed us to understand the power of language has in maintaining or subverting hegemonic structures. In conclusion, the constructions and fixations of identities based on highly regulated sex/gender practices reduce the possible multiplicities of being in the world.
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