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Este artigo publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições, desde que o trabalho seja corretamente citado.Almeida L, Santos BT, Prates RP, Leão LL, Pereira EJ, Silva VS et al. ALIMENTAÇÃO COMO FATOR DE RISCO PARA CÂNCER DE INTESTINO EM UNIVERSITÁRIOSDiet as a risk factor for bowel cancer in university students Alimentación como factor de riesgo para cáncer de intestino de universitários Vanessa Santos Silva Faculdades Unidas do Norte de Minas -FUNORTE -Montes Claros (MG) -Brasil Paula Karoline Soares Farias Faculdade de Saúde Ibituruna -FASI -Montes Claros (MG) -Brasil RESUMOObjetivo: Analisar a qualidade da alimentação de universitários como fator de risco para câncer de intestino. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 100 universitários do curso de Gastronomia de uma instituição de ensino privada em Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. Aferiu-se o índice de massa corporal (IMC). Coletaram-se o comportamento alimentar, prática de atividade física e a frequência alimentar. Utilizou-se a análise descritiva. Resultados: A partir dos resultados, verifi cou-se que 46% (n=46) dos estudantes estavam com a massa corporal elevada, ou seja, IMC ≥ 25 kg/m 2 (sobrepeso e obesidade). A análise dos hábitos alimentares demonstrou mudança de peso corporal em 44% dos entrevistados, destes 25% apresentou ganho de massa corporal. Dentre os entrevistados, 41% alegou consumir embutidos, pizzas e fast foods dentre outros, e 57% relatou consumir alimentos industrializados de 1 a 3 vezes por semana. Os alimentos ricos em açúcar (café com açúcar, refrigerantes e chocolate) eram consumidos diariamente por 71%, 30% e 24% dos participantes. O consumo de grãos (chia, linhaça e quinoa) foi relatado por 7%. Conclusão: Observou-se alto consumo de alimentos processados e/ou industrializados com alto teor de gorduras e açúcares, juntamente com uma baixa ingestão de grãos. Essa conjuntura alimentar associada a um estilo de vida sedentário são fatores de risco para a instalação de um quadro de neoplasia. Descritores

Institutionalization has been associated with social isolation, psychological and cognitive changes, and decreased levels of physical activity in older adults. Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and functional dependence in older adults dwelling in two different Brazilian long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 185 older people of both sexes, aged 60 years or over, residing in two LTCFs in the city of Montes Claros-MG, Brazil. The diagnosis of MCI and dementia was performed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Results: Prevalence rates of dementia, MCI, and functional dependence in institutionalized older participants were 62.3, 15.1, and 78.9%, respectively. There was a significant reduction of the Mini-Mental State Examination scores according to the increase of the institutionalization period in LCTFs and the age of older adults (p<0.001). Conclusions: Prevalence of dementia and functional dependence of older adults residing in LTCFs exhibited higher rates compared to the other older population worldwide. A higher institutionalization period is related to a greater cognitive decline.

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Objective: This study aimed to explore the magnitude and significance of associations among nutritional status, functional status, comorbidities, age, and gender in older adults receiving assistance from the in-home nursing care service.Method: In this cross-sectional study, 210 home-dwelling persons 65 years or older who received in-home nursing care service were evaluated. Demographic variables, nutritional status, comorbidities, and the dependency levels of activities of daily living were analyzed. To assess the correlation among the factors that influence nutritional status, a theoretical model was developed and adjusted using the path analysis model.Results: The primary finding is that functional status is directly associated with nutritional status (β = 0.32; p &lt; 0.001) and severity of comorbidities is indirectly associated with nutritional status (β = −0.07; p &lt; 0.017).Conclusion: The elicited outcomes in this study reinforce the concept that nutritional status is linked with functional status in older adults receiving in-home care nursing service.

Objective: To analyze the association between physical fitness, cognitive function, and depressive symptoms among older adults in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Methods: Seventy-six institutionalized male and female elderly individuals (65 years and older) living in LTCFs participated of this study. Physical fitness (aerobic capacity and strength), cognitive functions (global cognition, short-term and working and semantic memories, and executive function), and depressive symptoms were assessed. Linear regression and contingency analyses were performed. Significance was accepted at p-values p 0.05. Results: Aerobic capacity predicted 32% of variance in global cognition (p o 0.01) and 25% of variance in semantic fluency/executive function (p o 0.01). Low levels of upper limb strength, lower limb strength, and aerobic capacity were associated with semantic fluency/executive function (OR = 1.38, p = 0.01, OR = 1.26, p = 0.03, and OR = 1.07, p = 0.01, respectively) and depressive symptoms (OR = 1.06, p o 0.01). Conclusion:Poor physical fitness is associated with cognition and depressive symptoms in institutionalized older adults. Low levels of strength and aerobic fitness increase the odds of presenting with impaired semantic fluency and executive function, possibly denoting an increased risk of developing dementia.

Objetivo: Destacar as principais causas e consequências da obesidade na gestante adolescente. Método: Estudo bibliográfico de caráter descritivo-discursivo, realizado por meio de revisão de literatura científica. Resultados e Discussão: A adolescência está vinculada a intensas transformações e descobertas que estão relacionadas à transição da infância para vida adulta. Tal fase vista como de aprendizado, tem sido associada ao aumento dos casos de gestação precoce. Associado a isso, tem o fato da adolescência ser uma etapa em que os hábitos alimentares são, em sua maioria, errôneos influenciando assim, o ganho excessivo de peso, levando, consequentemente o jovem a um quadro de sobrepeso/obesidade. Considerações finais: A prevenção da gestação precoce e de seus agravos é o incentivo ao uso de métodos contraceptivos, incentivo as políticas públicas no que diz respeito ao planejamento familiar e à orientação de mudanças contínuas nos hábitos alimentares e de vida dos adolescentes.

Background The number of patients with cognitive impairment increases as the population becomes older. This perspective may persist a burden on health care systems unless considered new options of prevention and treatment. The aim of this meta-synthesis is to analyze different systematic reviews on the effectiveness of dual-task training (DTT) on cognition and motor function of different people. Methods A systematic search of systematic reviews published until October 2019 was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Cochrane databases addressing studies which investigated the effect of DTT compared to control or other intervention on cognitive functions of healthy or unhealthy individuals. Three steps were followed to retrieve studies: reading title, abstract and full text. Checklist Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) was used to assess the quality of selected articles. Results In terms of quality of evidence, according to AMSTAR, 62.5 % of the reviews were rated as being “low” and 37.5 % were graded as “moderate” quality. Two main themes were identified among the studies’ outcomes: Improvement on mobility performance or postural stability; and beneficial effect on cognitive function. In terms of effect size, there were reported an important variation, having more significant results for findings involving mobility and modest effect for findings regarding cognitive function. Conclusion People with different clinical conditions could benefit from dual-task training. The benefits may encompass general cognitive functions, memory, physical performance, gait and balance, to name a few aspects.