OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of resistance exercise applied early after coronary artery bypass grafting.METHODSIt is a randomized controlled trial with 34 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting between August 2013 and May 2014. Patients were randomized into two groups by simple draw: a control group (n=17), who received conventional physical therapy and an intervention group (n=17), who received, additionally, resistance exercise. Pulmonary function and functional capacity were evaluated in preoperative period and hospital discharge by spirometry and the six-minute walk test. For statistical analysis, we used the following tests: Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney, Student's t and Fisher's exact. Variables with P<0.05 were considered significant.RESULTSGroups were homogeneous in terms of demographic, clinical and surgical variables. Resistance exercise exerted no effect on pulmonary function of intervention group compared to control group. However, intervention group maintained functional capacity at hospital discharge measured by percentage of predict distance in 6MWT (54.122.7% vs. 52.515.5%, P=0.42), while control group had a significant decrease (59.211.1% vs. 50.69.9%, P<0.016).CONCLUSIONOur results indicate that resistance exercise, applied early, may promote maintenance of functional capacity on coronary artery bypass grafting patients, having no impact on pulmonary function when compared to conventional physical therapy.

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ObjectiveTo apply the InsCor in patients undergoing cardiac surgery in a university hospital in Brazil's northeast.MethodsIt is a retrospective, quantitative and analytical study, carried out at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão. InsCor is a remodeling of two risk score models. It evaluates the prediction of mortality through variables such as gender, age, type of surgery or reoperation, exams, and preoperative events. Data from January to December 2015 were collected, using a Physical Therapy Evaluation Form and medical records. Quantitative variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation and qualitative variables as absolute and relative frequencies. Fisher's exact and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied, considering significant differences when P value was < 0.05. Calibration was performed by Hosmer-Lemeshow test.ResultsOne hundred and forty-eight patients were included. Thirty-six percent were female, with mean age of 54.7±15.8 years and mean body mass index (BMI) equal to 25.6 kg/m2. The most frequent surgery was coronary artery bypass grafting (51.3%). According to InsCor, 73.6% of the patients had low risk, 20.3% medium risk, and only 6.1% high risk. In this sample, 11 (7.4%) patients died. The percentage of death in patients classified as low, medium and high risk was 6.3, 7.1% and 11.1%, respectively.ConclusionInsCor presented easy applicability due to the reduced number of variables analyzed and it showed satisfactory prediction of mortality in this sample of cardiac surgery patients.

INTRODUÇÃO: as fraturas de fêmur em idosos geram aumento da demanda funcional nesses indivíduos e são responsáveis por um alto número de internações hospitalares. OBJETIVO: analisar retrospectivamente o total de casos, os custos, o tempo de internação e o total de óbitos por fratura de fêmur em idosos nas diferentes regiões do Brasil de 2015 a 2020. MÉTODOS: estudo ecológico de série temporal e retrospectivo que avaliou os dados de fratura de fêmur em idosos, a partir de dados disponíveis nos sites de Ministério da Saúde. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: total de casos, Tempo Médio de Permanência Hospitalar (TMPH), número de óbitos, taxa de mortalidade, gastos com internações, total e por dia de internação hospitalar, Gasto Médio por Fratura (GMF) e o Tempo de Internação por Fratura (TIF) em cada região. RESULTADOS: um total de 328.008 idosos sofreram fratura de fêmur no período estudado a região Sudeste lidera em número de casos, óbitos e TIF, o segundo lugar alterna entre as regiões Sul (2015, 2016 e 2020) e Nordeste (2017 e 2019). Em relação ao TMPH, as regiões Norte e Nordeste aparecem em primeiro e segundo lugar, respectivamente, em todos os anos, ficando acima da média nacional em todos os anos estudados. CONCLUSÕES: há uma discrepância para os casos de fratura de fêmur em idosos entre as regiões brasileiras, seja no número de casos, nos custos ou no total de óbitos. A maior densidade populacional em regiões como Sudeste e Sul, contribuiu para as maiores taxas de fraturas de fêmur em idosos, haja vista que estes também são maioria nessas regiões em comparação as demais.

OBJECTIVETo test several weaning predictors as determinants of successful extubation after elective cardiac surgery.METHODSThe study was conducted at a tertiary hospital with 100 adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery from September to December 2014. We recorded demographic, clinical and surgical data, plus the following predictive indexes: static compliance (Cstat), tidal volume (Vt), respiratory rate (f), f/ Vt ratio, arterial partial oxygen pressure to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (PaO2/FiO2), and the integrative weaning index (IWI). Extubation was considered successful when there was no need for reintubation within 48 hours. Sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (LR+), and negative likelihood ratio (LR-) were used to evaluate each index.RESULTSThe majority of the patients were male (60%), with mean age of 55.4±14.9 years and low risk of death (62%), according to InsCor. All of the patients were successfully extubated. Tobin Index presented the highest SE (0.99) and LR+ (0.99), followed by IWI (SE=0.98; LR+ =0.98). Other scores, such as SP, NPV and LR-were nullified due to lack of extubation failure.CONCLUSIONAll of the weaning predictors tested in this sample of patients submitted to elective cardiac surgery showed high sensitivity, highlighting f/Vt and IWI.

Given that Brazilian pear production is unable to meet the annual demand, to consider the possible expansion to non traditional growing regions, turns interesting. Even though under tropical semi-arid conditions pear trees have vigorous vegetative growth, a negative influence on flower bud differentiation and formation affects fruit yield. Our study aimed to evaluate the inhibition efficiency of paclobutrazol (PBZ) on gibberellin biosynthesis, vegetative growth, and carbohydrate production in two pear-treecultivars (‘Santa Maria’ and ‘Hosui’) grown under semi-arid conditions. To this end, two experiments were conducted, one for each pear-tree cultivar. The experimental designs consisted of randomized blocks, with factorial arrangement (5x2x4), corresponding to PBZ doses (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g per linear meter of plant canopy), PBZ application forms (soil and foliar), and evaluation dates (30, 60, 90, and 120 days after application). Both soil and foliar applications inhibited gibberellin biosynthesis in both cultivars, especially after 120 days of application. PBZ affected leaf total soluble carbohydrates and reduced sprout growth in both cultivars. Although PBZ can be potentially used in pear management, further studies are still required to determine specific management practices in tropical semi-arid zones. Highlights: Inhibition of gibberellin biosynthesis is more efficient with soil application of paclobutrazol. Soil application of paclobutrazol results in greater production of carbohydrates. There is a difference in sensitivity to the effects of paclobutrazol among pear varieties. The non-application of paclobutrazol results in late maturation of the branches, compromising floral induction.

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A utilização racional e eficiente da biomassa incorporada a tecnologias adequadas, é uma das melhores alternativas para aproveitamento da matéria prima para produção energética. Neste contexto, o presente estudo objetivou a caracterização do carvão vegetal produzido a partir de resíduos de madeira de espécies florestais quanto as propriedades físicas e químicas. O processo de carbonização foi realizado em um forno tipo Mulfla, com taxa de aquecimento de 1,6 °C/min-1, a 500 °C, permanecendo neste patamar por 30 minutos. O rendimento gravimétrico apresentou valores acima de 30%, indicado para a produção de carvão vegetal. A densidade básica da madeira apresentou correlação com a densidade aparente do carvão. A análise de voláteis (23,51%), carbono fixo (75,68%) e cinzas (0,80%) do carvão produzido com valores satisfatório para uso doméstico e siderúrgico.