Abstract. Test-driven development (TDD) is entering the mainstream of software development. We examined the software development process for the purpose of evaluation of the TDD impact, with respect to software development productivity, in the context of a web based system development. The design of the study is based on Goal-Question-Metric approach, and may be easily replicated in different industrial contexts where the number of subjects involved in the study is limited. The study reveals that TDD may have positive impact on software development productivity. Moreover, TDD is characterized by the higher ratio of active development time (described as typing and producing code) in total development time than test-last development approach.
This paper presents a new type of nonlinear discourse structure
found to be very common
in free English texts. This structure reflects nonlinear presentation of
the information and
knowledge conveyed by the texts. It is argued that such nonlinearity is
representationally and
informationally advantageous because it allows one to create smaller, more
compact texts.
The paper presents a heuristics-based, relatively domain-independent algorithm
for computing
this new text structure. The paper discusses good quantitative and qualitative
performance of
the algorithm, and presents the results of the extensive tests on a large
volume of free English texts.
This special issue presents the state-of-the-art in implemented,
general-purpose
Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems that use nontrivial Knowledge
Representation
and Reasoning (KRR). These systems use full-scale implementations of
traditional KRR techniques as well as some newer knowledge-related processing
mechanisms that have been developed specifically to meet the needs of natural
language processing. The papers cover a wide range of natural language
inputs,
knowledge and formalisms, application domains and processing tasks, illustrating
the key role that knowledge representation plays in all types of NLP systems.
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